The dipole moment (μ) of HBr (a polar covalent molecule) is 0.851D (debye), and its percent ionic character is 12.6% . Estimate the bond length of the H−Br bond in picometers.

140 pm

To estimate the bond length of the H-Br bond in picometers, we can use the relationship between the dipole moment (μ) and the ionic character (%) of the molecule.

The formula to calculate the bond length (d) is:

d = (μ / 1.6) × (100 / %ionic character)

Substituting the given values:

d = (0.851 / 1.6) × (100 / 12.6)

d ≈ 3.61 × (100 / 12.6)

d ≈ 3.61 × 7.94

d ≈ 28.65 picometers.

Therefore, the estimated bond length of the H-Br bond is approximately 28.65 picometers.

To estimate the bond length of the H−Br bond in picometers, we can use the relationship between the dipole moment and percent ionic character.

The bond length can be estimated using the formula:

Bond length (in picometers) = (μ / (percent ionic character)) * 100

Let's plug in the given values and calculate:

Bond length = (0.851 D / 0.126) * 100

Before we proceed, let's convert the dipole moment to coulomb-meter (C m) unit.

1 D (debye) = 3.336 × 10^−30 C m

Dipole moment (μ) = 0.851 D * (3.336 × 10^−30 C m / 1 D)

Dipole moment (μ) = 2.83 × 10^−30 C m

Now, we can calculate the bond length:

Bond length = (2.83 × 10^-30 C m / 0.126) * 100

Bond length = 2.25 × 10^-28 C m

Finally, convert the bond length from meters to picometers:

Bond length = 2.25 × 10^-28 C m * (10^12 pm / 1 m)

Bond length = 2.25 × 10^-16 pm

Therefore, the estimated bond length of the H−Br bond is approximately 2.25 × 10^-16 picometers.

gdh