In ANOVA, the "error variance" is typically reflected in...?

A. Between group differences
B. Between group variances
C. Within group variance
D. Within group associations

This may help.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_variance

C. Within group variance

In ANOVA (analysis of variance), the "error variance" refers to the variability that is not accounted for by the factors being investigated. It represents the random variation or "error" within and between groups.

To understand how the error variance is typically reflected in ANOVA, we need to consider the basic premise of this statistical test. ANOVA analyzes the differences between group means to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between the groups being compared.

Typically, the error variance is reflected in the "within group variance" (option C). This refers to the variability or spread of scores within each group. If the error variance is high, it suggests that there is a large amount of random variability within each group that is not explained by the factors being investigated. On the other hand, if the error variance is low, it indicates that there is little variation within each group, making it more likely that any differences observed between groups are due to the effects of the factors being tested.

In contrast, the "between group differences" (option A) reflect the variation in means between the different groups being compared. This is directly relevant to testing the hypothesis of whether the group means are significantly different from each other.

Therefore, while both between group differences and within group variances are important in ANOVA, the error variance is typically reflected in the within group variance (option C).

between group difference