10ml 15% HCl + 5g NaHCO3 = NaCl + CO2 + H2O. How much CO2 [L]
This is a limiting reagent (LR) problem. You know that because amounts are given for BOTH reactants.
Is that 10% w/v HCl? If so then you have 10 g HCl/100 mL or 1.0 g HCl/10 mL.
mols HCl = grams/molar mass = 1.0/36.5 = ?
mols NaHCO3 = grams/molar mass -= ?
HCl + NaHCO3 ==> NaCl + H2O + CO2
Using the coefficients in the balanced equation, convert mols HCl to mols CO2.
Do the same for mols NaHCO3 to mol CO2.
It is likely that these two values will not agree which means one of them is not right; the correct value in LR problems is ALWAYS the smaller value and the reagent producing that value is the LR.
Now convert the smaller value to L.
mols CO2 x 22.4 L/mol = ? L CO2
To determine the amount of CO2 produced in this reaction, you need to calculate the moles of NaHCO3 used and convert it to moles of CO2, and then convert the moles of CO2 to the volume of CO2 in liters using the ideal gas law.
1. Start by calculating the moles of NaHCO3 used:
- Given that you have 5 grams of NaHCO3 and its molar mass is approximately 84.01 g/mol (sodium bicarbonate), you can use the formula:
Moles = Mass / Molar mass
Moles of NaHCO3 = 5 g / 84.01 g/mol
2. Use the balanced chemical equation to determine the stoichiometry between NaHCO3 and CO2:
- From the equation, it shows that 1 mole of NaHCO3 reacts to produce 1 mole of CO2.
3. Convert the moles of CO2 to the volume of CO2 in liters:
- To do this, use the ideal gas law, which states:
PV = nRT
Where:
P is the pressure (assumed constant)
V is the volume
n is the number of moles
R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))
T is the temperature (in Kelvin)
- Rearranging the ideal gas law to solve for V:
V = nRT / P
- Assuming constant temperature and pressure, you can use the following values:
n = moles of CO2,
R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K),
P = 1 atm (standard atmospheric pressure, which is close to the pressure experienced at room temperature)
- Plug in the values and calculate the volume of CO2 in liters.
Remember to convert the temperature to Kelvin if it's not already provided in Kelvin.
Once you have performed these steps, you should be able to determine the amount of CO2 produced in liters.