How does dna determine a trait such as eye color
The correct answers are:
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. C
i got %100
the answer is A :)
DNA plays a crucial role in determining traits such as eye color. The specific instructions for building and maintaining an organism are encoded within DNA molecules. Eye color is determined by a combination of multiple genes that interact with each other.
To understand how DNA determines eye color, we need to look at the specific genes involved. One of the primary genes involved in eye color determination is called the OCA2 gene (also known as the P gene). This gene provides instructions for producing a protein called melanin, which is responsible for the color of our hair, skin, and eyes.
Melanin comes in two forms, eumelanin (brown or black pigment) and pheomelanin (yellow or red pigment). The amount and type of melanin produced in the iris (the colored part of the eye) determines eye color. The OCA2 gene controls the production of eumelanin in the iris.
However, the OCA2 gene itself is influenced by other genetic factors. One such factor is the HERC2 gene, which is located near the OCA2 gene on the DNA strand. The HERC2 gene regulates the activity of the OCA2 gene, affecting the amount of melanin produced. Variations in the HERC2 gene can lead to changes in the production of eumelanin, resulting in different eye colors.
Additionally, there are other genes involved in eye color determination, such as the TYR and TYRP1 genes, which also play a role in melanin production.
The specific combination of genetic variations in these genes inherited from both parents determines an individual's eye color. For example, if an individual inherits two copies of the OCA2 gene that produce a significant amount of eumelanin, they are more likely to have brown eyes. On the other hand, if they inherit versions of the OCA2 and HERC2 genes that produce less eumelanin, they are more likely to have blue or green eyes.
Determining eye color based on an individual's DNA involves analyzing the specific variations and combinations of these genes. With advancements in genetic sequencing technology, scientists can now sequence an individual's DNA and identify these variations to predict eye color.
In conclusion, DNA determines eye color through the interaction of multiple genes that control the production of melanin in the iris. The specific combination of genetic variations in these genes inherited from both parents determines an individual's eye color.