24. What happens when a solution of nitric acid (HNO3) is added to a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH)? What are the products?
25. Which of the following compounds can react with H2SO4 to form a salt: NaCl, Ca(OH)2, HF, AlCl3, H2O, Mg(OH)2? Name the salt(s) that would form
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Question 24: What happens when a solution of nitric acid (HNO3) is added to a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH)? What are the products?
To determine what happens when these two solutions are mixed, you need to consider their chemical properties. Nitric acid (HNO3) is a strong acid, while potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a strong base.
When an acid reacts with a base, they undergo a neutralization reaction. In this case, nitric acid (HNO3) will donate a hydrogen ion (H+) to potassium hydroxide (KOH), which will donate a hydroxide ion (OH-). The hydrogen ion and the hydroxide ion will combine to form water (H2O), which is a neutral compound.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
HNO3 + KOH → H2O + KNO3
So, the products of this reaction are water (H2O) and potassium nitrate (KNO3).
Question 25: Which of the following compounds can react with H2SO4 to form a salt: NaCl, Ca(OH)2, HF, AlCl3, H2O, Mg(OH)2? Name the salt(s) that would form.
To determine if a compound can react with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to form a salt, we need to consider the acid-base properties of the compounds.
Sulfuric acid is a strong acid that donates two hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. It can react with compounds that contain a base component capable of accepting these hydrogen ions to form a salt.
By examining the compounds mentioned:
- NaCl (sodium chloride) is a salt and does not react with sulfuric acid.
- Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) is a base and can react with sulfuric acid to form a salt. The salt formed is calcium sulfate (CaSO4).
- HF (hydrofluoric acid) is an acid and does not react with sulfuric acid.
- AlCl3 (aluminum chloride) is a salt and does not react with sulfuric acid.
- H2O (water) is a neutral compound and does not react with sulfuric acid.
- Mg(OH)2 (magnesium hydroxide) is a base and can react with sulfuric acid to form a salt. The salt formed is magnesium sulfate (MgSO4).
Therefore, the compounds Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2 can react with H2SO4 to form the salts calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), respectively.
I hope this explanation helps you understand the concepts behind these reactions! Let me know if you have any further questions.