For this question, you need to apply what you learned about temperature controls to two locations on Earth. Discuss how the 5 factors influencing temperature patterns effect St. Louis, Missouri (38°39' N, 90°W; elevation 535 ft) and Singapore (1°24'N, 103°55'E; elevation 16ft). How does the latitude affect the temperature? Is the altitude different between these two locations and what is the effect on the temperature? Is one location affected more by land-water contrasts, wind patterns or ocean currents?
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To discuss how the five factors influencing temperature patterns affect St. Louis, Missouri, and Singapore, we need to consider latitude, altitude, land-water contrasts, wind patterns, and ocean currents.
Latitude: Latitude plays a significant role in determining the temperature patterns of a location. St. Louis, Missouri, is located at approximately 38°39' N, while Singapore is situated at around 1°24' N. As a general rule, temperature decreases as you move away from the equator towards the poles. Therefore, St. Louis, being at a higher latitude than Singapore, can experience colder temperatures overall.
Altitude: Altitude refers to the elevation above sea level. St. Louis, Missouri, has an elevation of 535 ft, whereas Singapore is only 16 ft above sea level. Elevation affects temperature because as you move higher in altitude, the air becomes thinner and, as a result, the temperature decreases. St. Louis, being at a higher altitude than Singapore, might experience slightly cooler temperatures due to this difference.
Land-Water Contrasts: Land-water contrasts can influence temperature patterns. St. Louis is located in the central part of the United States and is quite far from large bodies of water. Singapore, on the other hand, is located on an island and surrounded by the ocean. Generally, land heats up and cools down faster than water. Therefore, St. Louis might experience greater temperature fluctuations compared to Singapore, which is more influenced by the moderating effects of the ocean.
Wind Patterns: Wind patterns can have an impact on temperature. St. Louis, being situated inland, is less influenced by prevailing ocean winds and more affected by continental air masses. Singapore, being located near the coast, is generally influenced by sea breezes and monsoonal winds. This means that wind patterns might have a more significant effect on the temperature in Singapore compared to St. Louis.
Ocean Currents: Ocean currents can also influence temperature patterns. St. Louis is located far from any major ocean currents and is therefore less affected by them. In contrast, Singapore is influenced by the warm waters of the Indonesian Throughflow and the South China Sea, which can moderate its temperatures.
In summary, St. Louis, Missouri, being at a higher latitude and further from large bodies of water, might experience colder temperatures compared to Singapore. The difference in altitude between the two locations could also result in slightly cooler temperatures in St. Louis. Singapore, being closer to the ocean and affected by sea breezes, wind patterns, and ocean currents, may experience more stable and moderate temperatures compared to St. Louis.