Table salt, NaCl(s), and sugar, C12H22O11(s), are accidentally mixed. A 5.50-g sample is burned, and 3.10 g of CO2(g) is produced. What was the mass percentage of the table salt in the mixture?
C12H22O11 + 12O2 ==> 12CO2 + 11H2O
So convert 3.10g CO2 to mols C12H22O11.
mols CO2 = 3.10/44 = about 0.07 but you should do it more accurately.
0.07 x (1 mol C12H22O11/12 mol CO2) = about 0.006 (again, an estimate).
Then mols C12H22O11 x molar mass = about 2.0 grams.
sugar + salt = 5.50g
sugar = about 2.0
salt = about 3.0 g
%NaCl = (mass NaCl/mass sample)*100 = ?
To find the mass percentage of table salt (NaCl) in the mixture, we need to determine the mass of NaCl in the 5.50 g sample.
Since 3.10 g of CO2 is produced by burning the sample, we can use stoichiometry to determine the number of moles of carbon present in CO2.
1 mole of CO2 contains 1 mole of carbon, so 3.10 g of CO2 is equal to the molar mass of carbon, which is 12.01 g/mol.
Number of moles of carbon = mass of CO2 / molar mass of carbon
Number of moles of carbon = 3.10 g / 12.01 g/mol = 0.258 moles of carbon
In the sugar molecule (C12H22O11), there are 12 atoms of carbon. So, the number of moles of sugar can be calculated as:
Number of moles of sugar = number of moles of carbon / number of carbon atoms in sugar
Number of moles of sugar = 0.258 moles / 12 = 0.0215 moles of sugar
Next, let's calculate the molar mass of sugar:
Molar mass of sugar = (12 x atomic mass of carbon) + (22 x atomic mass of hydrogen) + (11 x atomic mass of oxygen)
Molar mass of sugar = (12 x 12.01 g/mol) + (22 x 1.01 g/mol) + (11 x 16.00 g/mol)
Molar mass of sugar = 342.29 g/mol
Now we can determine the mass of sugar in the 5.50 g sample:
Mass of sugar = number of moles of sugar x molar mass of sugar
Mass of sugar = 0.0215 moles x 342.29 g/mol = 7.37 g
Finally, to find the mass percentage of table salt (NaCl) in the mixture, we can subtract the mass of sugar from the total mass of the sample and calculate the percentage:
Mass of NaCl = mass of sample - mass of sugar
Mass of NaCl = 5.50 g - 7.37 g = -1.87 g
Since the mass of NaCl is negative, it means that NaCl was not present in the sample or there was an error in the calculations.
To determine the mass percentage of table salt in the mixture, we need to calculate the amount of table salt present in the sample.
First, we should find the number of moles of CO2 produced. We know the molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol.
Given that 3.10 g of CO2 is produced, we can use the formula:
moles of CO2 = mass of CO2 / molar mass of CO2
moles of CO2 = 3.10 g / 44.01 g/mol
Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of carbon in the CO2 produced because each CO2 molecule contains one carbon atom.
Since one molecule of CO2 contains one mole of carbon, the moles of carbon will be the same as the moles of CO2. Therefore, 3.10 g of CO2 is equal to the moles of carbon.
Now, we can determine the number of moles of CO2 produced from table salt. Since table salt contains only one equivalent of carbon in the form of CO2 per formula unit, the number of moles of table salt (NaCl) will be the same as the moles of carbon.
Now, let's calculate the number of moles of table salt (NaCl):
moles of table salt (NaCl) = moles of carbon = 3.10 g / molar mass of table salt
The molar mass of table salt is the sum of the molar masses of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) in NaCl, which are 22.99 g/mol and 35.45 g/mol, respectively.
molar mass of table salt = 22.99 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol = 58.44 g/mol
moles of table salt (NaCl) = 3.10 g / 58.44 g/mol
Now, we can find the mass percentage of table salt in the mixture:
mass percentage of table salt = (moles of table salt / total mass of the mixture) x 100
The total mass of the mixture is given as 5.50 g.
Therefore,
mass percentage of table salt = (moles of table salt / 5.50 g) x 100
Now, you can substitute the value of moles of table salt into the equation and calculate the mass percentage of table salt in the mixture.