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5.Why was the Congress of Vienna considered a success? The Congress of Vienna was a success because the congress got a balance of power back to the European countries. The congress also brought back peace among the nations. Europe had peace for about 40 years.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna
To understand why the Congress of Vienna was considered a success, we need to examine the factors that contributed to its positive outcome:
1. Balance of Power: After the Napoleonic Wars, Europe was in a state of political instability. The Congress of Vienna aimed to restore a balance of power among nations, ensuring that no single country could dominate the continent. The diplomats at the congress successfully achieved this objective by redrawing the map of Europe and redistributing territories to create a more equitable power distribution.
2. Preservation of Peace: One of the primary goals of the Congress of Vienna was to establish long-lasting peace in Europe. The diplomats implemented a system of collective security, known as the Concert of Europe, which facilitated diplomatic negotiations and discussions to peacefully resolve conflicts. This mechanism helped to prevent large-scale wars, resulting in nearly four decades of relative peace across the continent.
3. Legitimacy of Rulers: The Congress of Vienna aimed to restore legitimate monarchies and traditional power structures that had been disrupted during the French Revolution and Napoleonic era. The diplomats sought to reinstate the ruling families and establish a legitimacy based on hereditary rights. By recognizing and supporting established monarchies, the congress contributed to political stability and reduced the likelihood of rebellions or uprisings.
4. Principle of Compensation: The principle of compensation was applied during the congress to provide reparations to countries that had suffered territorial losses due to Napoleon's expansionist policies. This approach ensured a more equitable territorial distribution and helped to address grievances and prevent resentment among nations.
Overall, the Congress of Vienna was considered a success because it successfully restored a balance of power, preserved peace for a significant period, reinstated legitimate rulers, and addressed territorial grievances. By implementing these measures, the congress laid the foundation for European stability, setting the stage for a peacetime period of relative tranquility in the nineteenth century.