An equilibrium constant ...
A. is the same, regardless of the initial concentrations of reactants.
B. is small when the products are favored in the reaction.
C. is calculated by dividing the concentration of the reactants by the concentration of the products.
D. is independent of temperature.
E. All of these.
A is the best.
To determine the correct answer, let's go through each option and analyze them one by one:
A. An equilibrium constant is a value that represents the ratio of the product concentrations to the reactant concentrations at a specific point in time. It is determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction and the relative concentrations of the reactants and products. However, the equilibrium constant does not depend on the initial concentrations of the reactants. Once the reaction reaches equilibrium, the value of the equilibrium constant remains constant, regardless of the initial concentrations of the reactants. So, option A is correct.
B. The value of the equilibrium constant does not directly indicate which side of the reaction is favored. It only provides information about the relative concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium. Therefore, option B is incorrect.
C. The equilibrium constant is calculated by dividing the product concentrations by the reactant concentrations. This is not the same as dividing the concentration of the reactants by the concentration of the products. So, option C is incorrect.
D. The equilibrium constant is dependent on temperature. It changes with changes in temperature according to the equation known as the Van't Hoff equation. So, option D is incorrect.
E. After evaluating the individual options, we can conclude that option A is the only correct statement. Therefore, the correct option is A.