Q2. Distinguish between the following-

1. CH3OH and C2H5OH
2. Phenol and methanol
3. 1-Propanol and 2-Methyl-2-propanol
4. Ethenol and 1-propanol
5. Propanol and propanone
6. Acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde
7. Benzaldehyde and benzoic acid
8. Propanoyl Chloride and propanoic acid
9. Benzaldehyde and acetophenone
10. Phenol and benzoic acid

To distinguish between the given pairs of compounds, we need to understand their structural differences and functional groups. Here's how you can distinguish between each pair:

1. CH3OH and C2H5OH:
- CH3OH (methanol) has one carbon atom bonded to the hydroxyl group (- OH).
- C2H5OH (ethanol) has two carbon atoms bonded to the hydroxyl group (- OH).

2. Phenol and methanol:
- Phenol has an -OH group attached directly to a benzene ring.
- Methanol has an -OH group attached to a single carbon atom.

3. 1-Propanol and 2-Methyl-2-propanol:
- 1-Propanol has a linear structure, with an -OH group attached to the first carbon in the chain.
- 2-Methyl-2-propanol has a branched structure, with a methyl (-CH3) group attached to the second carbon.

4. Ethenol and 1-propanol:
- Ethenol (also known as ethanol) has two carbon atoms bonded to the hydroxyl group.
- 1-Propanol has three carbon atoms in the chain, with the -OH group attached to the first carbon.

5. Propanol and propanone:
- Propanol (also known as 1-propanol) has an -OH group attached to the first carbon in the chain.
- Propanone (also known as acetone) has a double-bonded oxygen (C=O) in the middle of the carbon chain.

6. Acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde:
- Acetaldehyde has a formyl group (-CHO) attached to the carbon chain.
- Benzaldehyde has a formyl group attached to a benzene ring.

7. Benzaldehyde and benzoic acid:
- Benzaldehyde has a formyl group (-CHO) attached to a benzene ring.
- Benzoic acid has a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to a benzene ring.

8. Propanoyl Chloride and propanoic acid:
- Propanoyl Chloride has a -COCl group attached to the carbon chain.
- Propanoic acid has a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to the carbon chain.

9. Benzaldehyde and acetophenone:
- Benzaldehyde has a formyl group (-CHO) attached to a benzene ring.
- Acetophenone has a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to a benzene ring.

10. Phenol and benzoic acid:
- Phenol has an -OH group attached directly to a benzene ring.
- Benzoic acid has a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to a benzene ring.

By comparing the structural features and functional groups in each pair, you can easily distinguish between the given compounds.