Limestone (CaCO3) emits CO2 gas when exposed to HCl. What is the theoretical yield of CO2 if 56.1
grams of limestone is completely dissolved in HCl?
CaCO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) R CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
a. 21.5 g
b. 4.16 g
c. 9.53 g
d. 24.7 g
Well, it seems like we have a chemical reaction party going on here! To calculate the theoretical yield of CO2 gas, we need to determine the molar ratio between CaCO3 and CO2.
Let's start by finding the molar mass of CaCO3. Calcium has an atomic mass of 40.08 g/mol, carbon has a mass of 12.01 g/mol, and oxygen has a mass of 16.00 g/mol. Adding those up, we get:
40.08 + 12.01 + (16.00 x 3) = 100.09 g/mol
Now we can set up the following ratios:
1 mol CaCO3 : 1 mol CO2
100.09 g CaCO3 : x g CO2
Since we are given 56.1 grams of CaCO3, we can set up a proportion to solve for x:
100.09 g CaCO3 / 1 mol CaCO3 = 56.1 g CaCO3 / x mol CO2
Simplifying, we get:
x = (56.1 g CaCO3 * 1 mol CO2) / (100.09 g CaCO3)
x ≈ 0.560 mol CO2
To convert the moles of CO2 to grams, we multiply by the molar mass of CO2 (44.01 g/mol):
0.560 mol CO2 * 44.01 g CO2/mol CO2 ≈ 24.65 g CO2
So, the theoretical yield of CO2 gas is approximately 24.65 grams. But hey, this is theoretical, so in reality, you might not get exactly that much. Just like getting a perfect score on a test... it's more like a unicorn, you know?
Therefore, the answer is d. 24.7 g.
To determine the theoretical yield of CO2, you need to calculate the amount of CO2 that would be produced if all the limestone is completely consumed in the reaction with HCl.
The balanced equation tells us that for every 1 mole of CaCO3 reacted, 1 mole of CO2 is produced. The molecular weight of CaCO3 is 100.09 g/mol, and the molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol.
1. Convert the given mass of limestone (CaCO3) into moles.
Moles of CaCO3 = Mass of CaCO3 / Molar mass of CaCO3
Moles of CaCO3 = 56.1 g / 100.09 g/mol ≈ 0.5604 moles
2. Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the moles of CO2 produced.
Moles of CO2 = Moles of CaCO3
3. Convert the moles of CO2 produced into grams.
Mass of CO2 = Moles of CO2 x Molar mass of CO2
Mass of CO2 = 0.5604 moles x 44.01 g/mol ≈ 24.65 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of CO2 is approximately 24.65 grams.
Since none of the answer choices exactly matches the calculated value, the closest option is:
d. 24.7 g
lknlknlk
mols CaCO3 = grams/molar mass
Convert mols CaCO3 to mols CO2 using the coefficients in the balanced equation.
Convert mols CO2 to grams. g = mols x molar mass. That is the theoretical yield.