which of these ancient civilizations survived, intact, until the twentieth century?
Chinese civilizations survived, intact, until the twentieth century
Victor is right. For one aspect of this, check out this information:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion
afria
To determine which ancient civilization survived intact until the twentieth century, we need to examine each of the civilizations and their historical timelines.
1. Ancient Egypt: Ancient Egypt existed from around 3100 BCE to 30 BCE. It was conquered by various foreign powers like the Persians, Greeks, Romans, and ultimately became a province of the Roman Empire. Therefore, ancient Egypt did not survive intact until the twentieth century.
2. Ancient Greece: Ancient Greece, known for its city-states and cultural influence, thrived from the archaic period (8th century BCE) to the Hellenistic period (1st century BCE). The region was later conquered by the Romans, leading to the decline of Ancient Greece as a distinct civilization.
3. Ancient Rome: Ancient Rome emerged in the 8th century BCE and continued to exist until the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE. However, the Eastern Roman Empire, known as the Byzantine Empire, survived until 1453, when it was conquered by the Ottoman Empire. So, while elements of Ancient Rome survived in the form of the Byzantine Empire, it did not survive intact until the twentieth century.
4. Ancient China: Ancient China had various dynasties and time periods, but a significant ancient civilization was the Han Dynasty, which lasted from 206 BCE to 220 CE. However, China's history is marked by continuous change, with various dynasties rising and falling, making it difficult to consider any being intact until the twentieth century.
Considering these examples, none of the mentioned ancient civilizations survived intact until the twentieth century. However, it's important to note that many regions around the world have continuous threads of ancient cultural traditions and influences, despite changing political structures and empires.