A university student wants to perform an experiment using mice as test subjects. The procedure would require the mice to be injected with a specific bacterial infection and then treated with an antibiotic. Their response to the treatment would be observed and recorded. Provide two questions that an ethics review board would raise regarding the proposed work. For each question, explain why it is important that the question be answered prior to granting permission for the experiment.
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1. Question: What is the purpose or potential benefit of this experiment?
Explanation: The ethics review board would ask this question to understand the intended objectives and potential benefits of the experiment. It is crucial to evaluate whether the experiment's purpose justifies the use of live animals and the potential harm they may experience. Answering this question allows the review board to assess whether the study aligns with ethical principles, such as the potential advancement of knowledge or the development of new treatments.
2. Question: Can the experiment be modified to minimize harm or use alternative methods?
Explanation: The ethics review board would ask this question to explore whether there are alternative approaches that could minimize potential harm to the mice or reduce the number of animals used in the experiment. It is essential to consider the principle of the "3Rs" - Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement - in animal experimentation to ensure that the study's methods align with current ethical standards. Answering this question enables the review board to assess whether alternatives or modifications have been adequately considered and implemented.