Idemtify 3 enviromental health hazards that causes ill health,accidents,crises and disaster within a community in South Africa and globally.include evidence that is current of the identified issues
To identify three environmental health hazards that cause ill health, accidents, crises, and disasters within a community in South Africa and globally, we can follow a systematic approach outlined below:
Step 1: Understand the concept of environmental health hazards.
Environmental health hazards refer to various factors in the environment that can potentially harm human health. These hazards can arise from natural disasters, human activities, or a combination of both.
Step 2: Research common environmental health hazards.
Conduct research to identify common environmental health hazards that are prevalent in South Africa and have a global impact. Some common hazards include:
1. Air Pollution:
Air pollution is a significant environmental health hazard that stems from various sources such as industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and biomass burning. In South Africa, the burning of coal for electricity generation in power plants contributes to high levels of air pollution. Globally, air pollution is a major cause of respiratory diseases and can exacerbate existing health conditions such as asthma.
Evidence: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution is responsible for millions of premature deaths worldwide each year, and South Africa has some of the highest levels of particulate matter in the world.
2. Water Contamination:
Water contamination occurs when pollutants, such as industrial waste, agricultural runoff, or untreated sewage, enter water sources. In South Africa, inadequate water treatment plants and aging infrastructure contribute to challenges in ensuring clean and safe drinking water for all communities. Globally, water contamination leads to waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid.
Evidence: A study by the South African Human Rights Commission found that water contamination in some South African communities poses a significant risk to public health, leading to outbreaks of diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery.
3. Climate Change:
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in weather patterns, including rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme events such as hurricanes and droughts. In South Africa, climate change poses risks such as decreased water availability, food insecurity, and increased vulnerability to extreme weather events. Globally, climate change is linked to a wide range of health impacts, including heat-related illnesses, increased vector-borne diseases, and mental health issues.
Evidence: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has identified climate change as a key driver of ill health and increasing risks to communities worldwide. In South Africa, the National Climate Change Response White Paper highlights the various health impacts of climate change.
Step 3: Gather current evidence and examples.
To include current evidence, it's essential to refer to recent studies, reports, and credible sources. Look for research papers, government reports (e.g., from the South African Department of Health or environmental agencies), international organizations (such as the WHO or United Nations), and reputable news sources.
By following this approach, you can identify three environmental health hazards (air pollution, water contamination, climate change) with relevant evidence that cause ill health, accidents, crises, and disasters within a community in South Africa and globally.