in the digestive tract, mouth is bolus to
a. stomach is to chyme
b. gallbladder is to insulin
c. small intestine is to carbohydrate
d. esophagus is to peristalsis
Stomach is to chyme
The correct answer is a. stomach is to chyme.
To understand why the answer is a, we need to understand the terms involved.
The digestive tract, or gastrointestinal tract, is a series of organs that food passes through during digestion. It begins with the mouth and ends with the anus.
In the mouth, the food is chewed and mixed with saliva, forming a small, rounded mass called a bolus. The bolus is then swallowed and moves down the esophagus, a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Peristalsis is the process by which food is propelled through the digestive tract. It involves rhythmic, wave-like muscle contractions that push the food forward. The esophagus uses peristalsis to move the bolus down to the stomach.
Once the bolus reaches the stomach, it undergoes further digestion and mixing with gastric juices. The stomach secretes digestive enzymes and acids that break down the food into a semi-fluid mixture called chyme. Chyme is the partially digested food that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine.
The gallbladder is an organ that stores and releases bile, a substance produced by the liver to help with the digestion and absorption of fats. Insulin, on the other hand, is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels. These terms are not directly related to the digestion of food in the gastrointestinal tract.
Similarly, while carbohydrates are digested in the small intestine, the relationship between the small intestine and carbohydrates does not correspond to the relation between the mouth and the bolus, or the stomach and the chyme.
Therefore, the correct answer is a. stomach is to chyme, as the stomach is where the bolus is further digested and transformed into chyme.