At the equivalence point in a titration you know the volume (x mL) of a standard solution of acid (2.5 M) that has been added to a known volume base (y mL). show how you can determine the concentration of the base.? Explain
(2.5M)(xmL)/(ymL)=M
To determine the concentration of the base at the equivalence point in a titration, you need to use the concept of stoichiometry and the balanced chemical equation of the reaction between the acid and the base.
1. Start by writing the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Let's assume it is a simple acid-base neutralization reaction represented as follows:
Acid (HA) + Base (BOH) → Salt (AxB) + Water (H2O)
2. Determine the stoichiometry of the reaction. In this case, the balanced equation shows that one mole of acid (HA) reacts with one mole of base (BOH) to form one mole of salt (AxB) and one mole of water (H2O).
3. Use the given information about the volume of acid added (x mL) and the known volume of base (y mL) to calculate the amount of substance (moles) of acid and base used.
Moles of acid = volume (x mL) × concentration (2.5 M) / 1000 mL/L
Moles of base = volume (y mL) × concentration of base (unknown) / 1000 mL/L
4. Since the stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1 between the acid and the base, the moles of acid used are equal to the moles of base used. Therefore, equate the two expressions from step 3:
Moles of acid = Moles of base
volume (x mL) × concentration (2.5 M) / 1000 mL/L = volume (y mL) × concentration of base / 1000 mL/L
5. Rearrange the equation to solve for the concentration of the base:
concentration of base = (volume (x mL) × concentration of acid (2.5 M)) / volume (y mL)
By plugging in the values for the volume of acid added (x mL), the concentration of acid (2.5 M), and the known volume of base (y mL), you can determine the concentration of the base at the equivalence point in the titration.
To determine the concentration of the base at the equivalence point in a titration, you can utilize the concept of stoichiometry. Here's how you can do it step by step:
1. Start by writing a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between the acid and the base. For example, let's consider a titration between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH):
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
2. Determine the stoichiometric ratio between the acid and the base in the balanced equation. In this case, it is 1:1 because one mole of HCl reacts with one mole of NaOH.
3. Use the volume and concentration information to calculate the number of moles of the acid that have been added to the reaction. You can do this using the formula:
Moles of acid = Volume of acid (in L) x Concentration of acid (in mol/L)
In this case, moles of acid = (x mL / 1000) L x 2.5 mol/L
4. Since the stoichiometric ratio is 1:1, the number of moles of base (NaOH) is equal to the number of moles of acid (HCl) at the equivalence point.
5. Calculate the concentration of the base by dividing the number of moles of base by the volume of the base added. Use the formula:
Concentration of base = Moles of base / Volume of base (in L)
In this case, concentration of base = moles of acid / (y mL / 1000) L
So, by determining the moles of acid added and using the stoichiometry of the reaction, you can calculate the concentration of the base at the equivalence point in the titration.