1. He planned hard to go on a trip.
2. He planned very hard to go on a trip.
(Are both grammatical? Is 'planned' an a transitive or an intransitive verb?)
3. He hoped earnestly to go abroad.
4. He hoped very earnestly to go abroad.
5. He hoped to go abroad earnestly.
6. He hoped to go abroad very earnestly.
(Are they all grammatical? Is 'hoped' used as a transitive verb or an intransitive verb? Thank you.)
1-2. "planned" is intransitive.
It would be better to use "carefully" rather than "hard" in this context.
3 and 4 are fine; 5 and 6 are not. The adverb needs to be as close to the verb as possible, or you'll end up with a misplaced modifier.
Verbs that have direct objects are transitive.
Verbs that do not have direct objects are intransitive.
What do you think about "hoped"?
Thank you....Is it a transitive verb?
"hoped" has no direct object, so it's intransitive.
1. "He planned hard to go on a trip." - This sentence is grammatically correct. "Planned" is a transitive verb in this context because it takes a direct object ("to go on a trip"). The adverb "hard" describes the intensity or effort put into the planning.
2. "He planned very hard to go on a trip." - This sentence is also grammatically correct. By adding the adverb "very," we are emphasizing the degree to which he planned, indicating a high level of effort.
3. "He hoped earnestly to go abroad." - This sentence is grammatically correct. "Hoped" is an intransitive verb here because it does not take a direct object. Instead, it is followed by an adverb ("earnestly") that describes the manner or intensity of the hope.
4. "He hoped very earnestly to go abroad." - This sentence is also grammatically correct. The adverb "very" intensifies the degree of earnestness in his hope.
5. "He hoped to go abroad earnestly." - This sentence is grammatically correct, but the word order is less common and slightly unnatural. While "hoped" remains an intransitive verb, the adverb "earnestly" modifies the entire phrase "to go abroad," indicating the manner or intensity of the hope. It would be more common to use the adverb immediately before the verb: "He earnestly hoped to go abroad."
6. "He hoped to go abroad very earnestly." - This sentence is grammatically correct. The adverb "very" emphasizes the degree of earnestness in his hope. The placement of "very" before the adverb "earnestly" is flexible in this case.
In summary, both "planned" and "hoped" are used as transitive and intransitive verbs, depending on the context. The adverbs "hard" and "very" modify the verbs to indicate the degree or intensity.