If you start with 40.30 grams of silver nitrate and excess HCl, how much silver chloride could I make?
use a calulater
AgNO3 + HCl ==> AgCl + HNO3
mols AgNO3 = grams/molar mass
Convert mols AgNO3 to mols AgCl.
Convert mols AgCl to grams. g = mol x molar mass.
To find out how much silver chloride you can make, we need to first understand the reaction between silver nitrate and HCl. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
AgNO₃ + HCl → AgCl + HNO₃
From the balanced equation, we can see that one mole of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) reacts with one mole of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce one mole of silver chloride (AgCl).
Now, let's calculate the moles of silver nitrate you have. To do this, we need to know the molar mass of silver nitrate (AgNO₃). The molar mass of AgNO₃ is:
AgNO₃: (1 × atomic mass of Ag) + (1 × atomic mass of N) + (3 × atomic mass of O)
AgNO₃: (1 × 107.87 g/mol) + (1 × 14.01 g/mol) + (3 × 16.00 g/mol)
= 107.87 g/mol + 14.01 g/mol + 48.00 g/mol
= 169.88 g/mol
Next, let's calculate the number of moles of silver nitrate you have by dividing the mass (40.30 grams) by the molar mass (169.88 g/mol):
moles of AgNO₃ = mass of AgNO₃ / molar mass of AgNO₃
= 40.30 g / 169.88 g/mol
≈ 0.237 moles
Since the stoichiometric ratio between AgNO₃ and AgCl is 1:1, the number of moles of silver chloride (AgCl) you can produce is also 0.237 moles.
Finally, let's convert the moles of AgCl into grams. To do this, we need to know the molar mass of silver chloride (AgCl). The molar mass of AgCl is:
AgCl: (1 × atomic mass of Ag) + (1 × atomic mass of Cl)
AgCl: (1 × 107.87 g/mol) + (1 × 35.45 g/mol)
= 107.87 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol
= 143.32 g/mol
Now, let's calculate the mass of silver chloride (AgCl) you can produce by multiplying the number of moles (0.237 moles) by the molar mass (143.32 g/mol):
mass of AgCl = moles of AgCl × molar mass of AgCl
= 0.237 moles × 143.32 g/mol
≈ 34.01 grams
Therefore, starting with 40.30 grams of silver nitrate and excess HCl, you can produce approximately 34.01 grams of silver chloride.