When a person has episodes of hypomania that shift back and forth with mild depression for at least two years, he or she has what form of bipolar disorder?
A. BP-NOS
B. Cyclothymic Disorder
C. Bipolar I Disorder
D. Bipolar II Disorde
A?
To determine the correct answer, it helps to understand the different types of bipolar disorder.
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that range from manic episodes (with increased energy, euphoria, or irritability) to depressive episodes (with low mood, decreased energy, and feelings of hopelessness).
Option A, BP-NOS, stands for Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. This term is used when the symptoms do not fit into any specific subtype of bipolar disorder. It is a catch-all category for individuals who exhibit some bipolar symptoms but do not meet the criteria for any specific subtype.
Option B, Cyclothymic Disorder, is a subtype of bipolar disorder. People with cyclothymic disorder experience periods of hypomania (less severe than full-blown mania) alternating with periods of mild depression for at least two years. This pattern is usually chronic and does not meet the criteria for other bipolar disorders.
Option C, Bipolar I Disorder, is characterized by experiencing at least one manic episode, with or without depressive episodes. Manic episodes are more severe than hypomanic episodes and can significantly impair daily functioning.
Option D, Bipolar II Disorder, is characterized by experiencing at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode. Hypomanic episodes are less severe than manic episodes but still involve noticeable changes in mood and behavior.
In this case, the person described has episodes of hypomania shifting back and forth with mild depression for at least two years. This pattern is consistent with Cyclothymic Disorder (Option B). Therefore, the correct answer is B. Cyclothymic Disorder.