Tony (of mass 75 kg) coasts on his bicycle (of mass 15 kg) at a constant speed of 4 m/s,carrying a 14 kg pack. Tony throws his pack forward, in the direction of his motion, at 6 m/s relative to the speed of bicycle just

before the throw.What is the initial momentum of the system(Tony, the bicycle, and the pack)?
Answer in units of kg · m/s

To find the initial momentum of the system (Tony, the bicycle, and the pack), we need to calculate the momentum of each individual component and then add them up.

The formula for momentum is:
Momentum = mass × velocity

First, let's calculate the momentum of Tony.
Mass of Tony = 75 kg
Velocity of Tony (constant) = 4 m/s
Momentum of Tony = 75 kg × 4 m/s

Next, let's calculate the momentum of the bicycle.
Mass of the bicycle = 15 kg
Velocity of the bicycle (constant) = 4 m/s
Momentum of the bicycle = 15 kg × 4 m/s

Lastly, let's calculate the momentum of the pack.
Mass of the pack = 14 kg
Relative velocity of the pack = 6 m/s

To find the actual velocity of the pack relative to the ground (since Tony and the bicycle were moving at 4 m/s), we need to add the relative velocity to the velocity of the bicycle before the throw. Since the pack is thrown in the direction of motion, we add the velocities.
Velocity of the pack = Velocity of the bicycle (before throw) + Relative velocity of the pack
Velocity of the pack = 4 m/s + 6 m/s

Now, we can calculate the momentum of the pack.
Momentum of the pack = Mass of the pack × Velocity of the pack

Finally, we can find the initial momentum of the system by adding up the individual momenta of Tony, the bicycle, and the pack.
Initial momentum of the system = Momentum of Tony + Momentum of the bicycle + Momentum of the pack

Calculating the values and adding them up will give you the answer in units of kg · m/s.