mass of crucible- 26.4574g
mass of crucible and hydrated sample- 27.7617g
mass of hydrated sample 1.3043g
mass of crucible and dehydrated sample- 27.5693g
mass of dehydrated sample- 1.1119g
mass of filter paper- 0.7089g
mass of filter paper and copper- 1.1418g
mass of copper- ?
no. moles of copper- ?
mass of water evolved- ?
no. moles of water- ?
mass of chlorine in sample (by difference)- ?
no. moles of chlorine- ?
mole ratio, chlorine:copper in sample- ?
mole ratio, water:copper in hydrated sample- ?
formula of dehydrated sample (round to nearest integer- ?
formula of hydrated sample- ?
To answer these questions, we need to perform several calculations and use some chemical stoichiometry concepts. Let's break it down step-by-step:
1. Mass of copper:
- Mass of filter paper and copper = 1.1418g
- Mass of filter paper = 0.7089g
- Mass of copper = Mass of filter paper and copper - Mass of filter paper
= 1.1418g - 0.7089g
= 0.4329g
2. Number of moles of copper:
- To calculate the number of moles, we need the molar mass of copper (Cu).
- The molar mass of copper is 63.55 g/mol.
- Number of moles of copper = Mass of copper / Molar mass of copper
= 0.4329g / 63.55 g/mol
= 0.0068 mol (rounded to four decimal places)
3. Mass of water evolved:
- Mass of hydrated sample = 1.3043g
- Mass of dehydrated sample = 1.1119g
- Mass of water evolved = Mass of hydrated sample - Mass of dehydrated sample
= 1.3043g - 1.1119g
= 0.1924g
4. Number of moles of water:
- To calculate the number of moles, we need the molar mass of water (H2O).
- The molar mass of water is 18.015 g/mol.
- Number of moles of water = Mass of water evolved / Molar mass of water
= 0.1924g / 18.015 g/mol
= 0.0107 mol (rounded to four decimal places)
5. Mass of chlorine in sample (by difference):
- Mass of the sample = Mass of crucible and hydrated sample - Mass of crucible
= 27.7617g - 26.4574g
= 1.3043g (same as the mass of the hydrated sample)
- Mass of chlorine = Mass of sample - Mass of copper
= 1.3043g - 0.4329g
= 0.8714g
6. Number of moles of chlorine:
- To calculate the number of moles, we need the molar mass of chlorine (Cl).
- The molar mass of chlorine is 35.453 g/mol.
- Number of moles of chlorine = Mass of chlorine / Molar mass of chlorine
= 0.8714g / 35.453 g/mol
= 0.0246 mol (rounded to four decimal places)
7. Mole ratio, chlorine:copper in sample:
The mole ratio between chlorine and copper in the sample can be determined by dividing the number of moles of chlorine by the number of moles of copper. In this case, it is:
- Mole ratio, chlorine:copper = Number of moles of chlorine / Number of moles of copper
= 0.0246 mol / 0.0068 mol
= 3.62 (rounded to two decimal places)
8. Mole ratio, water:copper in hydrated sample:
The mole ratio between water and copper in the hydrated sample can be determined by dividing the number of moles of water by the number of moles of copper. In this case, it is:
- Mole ratio, water:copper = Number of moles of water / Number of moles of copper
= 0.0107 mol / 0.0068 mol
= 1.57 (rounded to two decimal places)
9. Formula of dehydrated sample (round to nearest integer):
The ratio of copper to chlorine in the dehydrated sample can be determined using the mole ratio obtained in step 7. Since the ratio is approximately 3.62, we can round it to the nearest whole number. Therefore, the formula of the dehydrated sample is CuCl4.
10. Formula of hydrated sample:
The formula of the hydrated sample can be determined by combining the information obtained from steps 1 and 8. Since the mole ratio of water to copper is approximately 1.57, it suggests that there are fewer water molecules compared to copper atoms. Therefore, the formula of the hydrated sample can be written as CuCl4·1.57H2O.
Please note that the answers may vary slightly depending on the accuracy of the original measurements and rounding.
To find the mass of copper, we need to find the mass of the copper in the filter paper and subtract the mass of the filter paper.
Mass of copper = Mass of filter paper and copper - Mass of filter paper
Mass of copper = 1.1418 g - 0.7089 g
Mass of copper = 0.4329 g
To find the number of moles of copper, we need to use the atomic mass of copper to convert the mass of copper to moles.
Atomic mass of copper (Cu) = 63.55 g/mol
Number of moles of copper = Mass of copper / Atomic mass of copper
Number of moles of copper = 0.4329 g / 63.55 g/mol
Number of moles of copper ≈ 0.00682 mol
To find the mass of water evolved, we need to find the difference between the mass of the hydrated sample and the mass of the dehydrated sample.
Mass of water evolved = Mass of hydrated sample - Mass of dehydrated sample
Mass of water evolved = 1.3043 g - 1.1119 g
Mass of water evolved = 0.1924 g
To find the number of moles of water, we need to use the molar mass of water (H2O) to convert the mass of water to moles.
Molar mass of water (H2O) = 18.015 g/mol
Number of moles of water = Mass of water evolved / Molar mass of water
Number of moles of water = 0.1924 g / 18.015 g/mol
Number of moles of water ≈ 0.01068 mol
To find the mass of chlorine in the sample by difference, we need to subtract the sum of the mass of copper and mass of water from the mass of the dehydrated sample.
Mass of chlorine in sample = Mass of dehydrated sample - (Mass of copper + Mass of water)
Mass of chlorine in sample = 1.1119 g - (0.4329 g + 0.1924 g)
Mass of chlorine in sample = 0.4866 g
To find the number of moles of chlorine, we need to use the atomic mass of chlorine (Cl) to convert the mass of chlorine to moles.
Atomic mass of chlorine (Cl) = 35.45 g/mol
Number of moles of chlorine = Mass of chlorine in sample / Atomic mass of chlorine
Number of moles of chlorine = 0.4866 g / 35.45 g/mol
Number of moles of chlorine ≈ 0.01372 mol
To find the mole ratio of chlorine to copper in the sample, we need to divide the number of moles of chlorine by the number of moles of copper.
Mole ratio, chlorine:copper = Number of moles of chlorine / Number of moles of copper
Mole ratio, chlorine:copper ≈ 0.01372 mol / 0.00682 mol
Mole ratio, chlorine:copper ≈ 2:1
To find the mole ratio of water to copper in the hydrated sample, we need to divide the number of moles of water by the number of moles of copper.
Mole ratio, water:copper = Number of moles of water / Number of moles of copper
Mole ratio, water:copper ≈ 0.01068 mol / 0.00682 mol
Mole ratio, water:copper ≈ 1.56:1
To determine the formula of the dehydrated sample, we can use the mole ratio of chlorine to copper (2:1) and round the values to the nearest integer.
The formula of the dehydrated sample is CuCl2.
To determine the formula of the hydrated sample, we need to consider the molecular ratio of water to copper (1.56:1). The molecular formula of water is H2O, so we can write the formula of the hydrated sample as CuCl2·1.56H2O.
I filled in the empty spots I could but didn't finish. I understand that the chlorine is by difference but I don't know what you did; therefore, I don't know where the chlorine came from.
mass of crucible- 26.4574g
mass of crucible and hydrated sample- 27.7617g
mass of hydrated sample 1.3043g
mass of crucible and dehydrated sample- 27.5693g
mass of dehydrated sample- 1.1119g
mass of filter paper- 0.7089g
mass of filter paper and copper- 1.1418g
mass of copper- 1.1418-0.7089 = 0.4329</b
no. moles of copper- grams/atomic mass = 0.4329/63.54 = about 0.007 but you can do it more accurately.
mass of water evolved- 1.3043-1.1119 = 0.1924
no. moles of water- g/molar mass = 0.1924/18 = about 0.01--again--you redo this
mass of chlorine in sample (by difference)- ?
no. moles of chlorine- ?
mole ratio, chlorine:copper in sample- ?
mole ratio, water:copper in hydrated sample- ?
formula of dehydrated sample (round to nearest integer- ?
formula of hydrated sample- ?