6. Describe and explain what would happen to a cell containing 100mM NaCl, 150 mM glucose, and 100 mM protein if placed into:
a) distilled water? (describe the volume change if the cell were permeable to water only).
b) a solution of 100mM NaCl, IF the cell were permeable to water only.
c) a solution of 100mM NaCl, IF the cell were permeable to salt and glucose as well as water.
d) A solution of 200mM glucose, IF the cell were permeable to water only.
The process is a description of osmosis, which is the movement of solvent/water to places where solute concentrations are low to where solute concentrations are high to establish an equal concentration gradient across the membrane.
a) distilled water? (describe the volume change if the cell were permeable to water only).
Distilled water would enter the cell increasing its volume until lysis occurs. Lysis is the process of a cell bursting open.
b) a solution of 100mM NaCl, IF the cell were permeable to water only.
Nothing the concentrations are in equal concentrations inside and outside the cell.
c) a solution of 100mM NaCl, IF the cell were permeable to salt and glucose as well as water.
The glucose concentration would change inside the cell, and glucose would move out of the cell where the solute's concentration is high to where it is low to establish an equal solute to water concentration across the membrane.
d) A solution of 200mM glucose, IF the cell were permeable to water only.
The concentration of glucose is higher outside then inside the cell. Therefore, water will move outside the cell causing the cell to shrivel.
Hope this helps.
a) When the cell containing 100mM NaCl, 150mM glucose, and 100mM protein is placed into distilled water, the cell would undergo a process called osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules, in this case, water, across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
Since distilled water has no solutes, it has a concentration of 0mM. The cell's solution, on the other hand, has a higher solute concentration of 100mM NaCl, 150mM glucose, and 100mM protein. As a result, water molecules will move into the cell to equalize the concentrations on both sides of the membrane.
If the cell is permeable to water only, water molecules would move into the cell, causing it to swell. The volume of the cell would increase as water enters, leading to an increase in cellular volume.
b) When the cell is placed into a solution of 100mM NaCl, assuming it is permeable to water only, the same principle of osmosis would apply. However, in this case, the concentration of NaCl is the same inside and outside the cell.
Since the concentrations are equal, there would be no net movement of water across the membrane. Therefore, the volume of the cell would remain unchanged.
c) If the cell were permeable to salt (NaCl), glucose, and water, and it is placed into a solution of 100mM NaCl, NaCl and glucose would be able to move across the semi-permeable membrane, along with the water.
In this scenario, both NaCl and water molecules would move in and out of the cell until the concentration of NaCl and glucose inside and outside the cell reach equilibrium. This process of movement is again osmosis and diffusion.
If the concentration of NaCl inside the cell is greater than 100mM, water would move into the cell, causing it to increase in volume. If the concentration of NaCl inside the cell is less than 100mM, water would move out of the cell, causing it to shrink in volume. The movement of glucose would depend on its concentration gradient, but it is less likely to significantly affect the cell volume.
d) When the cell is placed into a solution of 200mM glucose, assuming it is permeable to water only, osmosis would occur. However, since the cell is only permeable to water, glucose molecules cannot pass through the membrane.
The concentration of glucose inside the cell is lower than the concentration in the external solution (150mM inside the cell vs. 200mM outside). As a result, water molecules would move out of the cell through osmosis to equalize the concentrations.
The cell would lose water and shrink in volume as water leaves. However, the glucose concentration inside the cell would remain the same, as glucose cannot freely move across the membrane.
a) If the cell containing 100mM NaCl, 150mM glucose, and 100mM protein is placed into distilled water, and the cell is permeable to water only, there would be a change in volume.
To understand what happens, we need to consider the concept of osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (in this case, water molecules) across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. In this case, the solute concentration inside the cell is higher than in the surrounding distilled water, so water molecules will tend to move from the outside into the cell.
Since the cell is permeable to water only, water molecules will enter the cell, causing it to swell or expand. This process is called osmotic swelling. The direction of water movement will continue until the concentrations of solutes on both sides of the cell are equal or until the cell membrane becomes too stretched and bursts.
b) If the cell containing 100mM NaCl, 150mM glucose, and 100mM protein is placed into a solution of 100mM NaCl, and the cell is permeable to water only, a similar process of osmosis will occur.
In this case, both the cell and the surrounding solution have the same solute concentration of NaCl. Therefore, there will be no net movement of water molecules across the membrane, and the volume of the cell will not change.
c) If the cell were permeable to salt, glucose, and water, and it is placed in a solution of 100mM NaCl, osmosis would still occur, but the movement of water would be influenced by the concentration of both salt and glucose.
Given that the solute concentration inside the cell is higher than in the 100mM NaCl solution, water molecules would move into the cell to equalize the concentration. This would result in the cell swelling or expanding due to the influx of water. However, the movement of glucose and salt across the membrane would also occur, which may affect the overall changes in volume.
d) If the cell were permeable to water only and placed into a solution of 200mM glucose, a different type of process called diffusion would occur.
In this scenario, the solute concentration of glucose outside the cell is higher than inside the cell. As a result, water molecules from inside the cell would move out of the cell through the selectively permeable membrane in an attempt to equalize the solute concentrations. This process, known as osmotic shrinkage, would cause the cell to decrease in volume or shrink.
It's important to note that the actual changes in volume and the specific processes that occur may be influenced by various factors, such as the properties of the cell membrane and the different solutes involved. The above explanations provide a general understanding of what would occur in these hypothetical scenarios.