The solubility of sodium nitrate is 32 grams in 50.0 grams of water at 60 degrees C. If 60 grams of potassium nitrate are mixed with 50.0 grams of water, determine the percentage of sodium nitrate that remains undissolved.
((60-32)/60)*100= % undissolved
To determine the percentage of sodium nitrate that remains undissolved, we need to compare the amount of sodium nitrate that dissolves in 50 grams of water at 60 degrees C with the amount of sodium nitrate in the mixture of potassium nitrate and water.
First, we need to calculate the amount of sodium nitrate that will dissolve in 50 grams of water at 60 degrees C. Given that the solubility of sodium nitrate is 32 grams in 50.0 grams of water at 60 degrees C, we can set up a ratio:
32 grams sodium nitrate / 50.0 grams water = x grams sodium nitrate / 50.0 grams water
Simplifying the ratio, we get:
32 / 50 = x / 50
Cross-multiplying, we find:
x = (32 / 50) * 50
x = 32 grams
So, 32 grams of sodium nitrate will dissolve in 50 grams of water at 60 degrees C.
Next, we need to calculate the amount of sodium nitrate in the mixture of potassium nitrate and water. Since there are 60 grams of potassium nitrate in the mixture, we need to find the percentage of sodium nitrate in potassium nitrate. The molecular formula of sodium nitrate is NaNO3, while the molecular formula of potassium nitrate is KNO3.
To find the percentage of sodium nitrate, we need to compare the atomic masses of sodium and potassium in the two compounds:
(1 mole Na / 85 g NaNO3) * (3 moles NaNO3 / 1 mole Na) * (60 g KNO3 / 1 mole KNO3) = x g NaNO3
Simplifying the calculation, we get:
(1/85) * (3/1) * (60) = x
x ≈ 2.11 grams
So, approximately 2.11 grams of sodium nitrate are present in the mixture of potassium nitrate and water.
Finally, we can calculate the percentage of sodium nitrate that remains undissolved:
Percentage of sodium nitrate remaining = (undissolved sodium nitrate / initial sodium nitrate) * 100
Percentage of sodium nitrate remaining = (32 - 2.11) / 32 * 100
Percentage of sodium nitrate remaining ≈ 93.47%
Therefore, approximately 93.47% of sodium nitrate remains undissolved in the mixture of potassium nitrate and water.