(b) How many moles of HCl are present in 35.0 mL of a 4.50 M solution of nitric acid?
To determine the number of moles of HCl present in the given solution, we first need to understand the relationship between moles, concentration, and volume.
The formula to calculate the number of moles is:
moles = concentration × volume
In this case, the concentration of the nitric acid solution is given as 4.50 M, which means there are 4.50 moles of HCl in every liter (1000 mL) of the solution.
However, the volume given is 35.0 mL, which is not in liters. To convert the volume from milliliters to liters, divide it by 1000:
volume (in liters) = 35.0 mL ÷ 1000 = 0.035 L
Now we can calculate the number of moles using the formula:
moles = concentration × volume
= 4.50 M × 0.035 L
Calculating this will give us the answer:
moles = 4.50 M × 0.035 L = 0.1575 moles
Therefore, there are 0.1575 moles of HCl present in 35.0 mL of the 4.50 M solution of nitric acid.