lengths of railway tracks have small gaps between them. Why are the tracks built this way and what might happen it there were no gaps?
Railway tracks are intentionally built with small gaps between them for several reasons. These gaps, known as rail joints, serve important purposes that contribute to the overall functionality and safety of the railway system.
The primary reason for having gaps between the railway tracks is to allow for expansion and contraction. Rail materials, typically steel, expand or contract due to temperature changes. Without gaps, the tracks would expand during hot weather and contract during cold weather. This thermal expansion and contraction can cause the tracks to buckle or bend, leading to derailments or other track failures. By including small gaps, the tracks are able to expand and contract without experiencing significant stress or damage.
Additionally, the gaps between the tracks help dissipate vibrations and prevent the transfer of excessive forces. When a train passes over the tracks, it generates vibrations and dynamic loads. These gaps act as shock absorbers, dispersing the forces and reducing the impact on the entire track system. If there were no gaps, the vibrations and forces would accumulate, potentially compromising the stability of the tracks and increasing the likelihood of damage or failure.
Furthermore, the rail joints allow for maintenance and repair activities. They provide easy access to individual sections of the track, making it more convenient to replace damaged or worn-out rails. Without gaps, the entire track would need to be dismantled for any repair or replacement, resulting in significant disruptions to train services.
In summary, the gaps between railway tracks are essential for accommodating thermal expansion and contraction, dissipating vibrations, and providing access for maintenance and repairs. Without these gaps, the tracks would be more prone to buckling, increased wear and tear, and reduced safety.