What are the major threats to coral today? Why should we care?
Since this is not my area of expertise, I searched Google under the key words "coral threat" to get these possible sources:
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/309805.stm
http://www.sciencewa.net.au/index.php?Itemid=587&id=613&option=com_content&task=view
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http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSN12186124
In the future, you can find the information you desire more quickly, if you use appropriate key words to do your own search.
I hope this helps. Thanks for asking.
The major threats to coral reefs today include climate change, ocean acidification, pollution, overfishing, destructive fishing practices, and physical damage from tourism and coastal development.
To understand why we should care about these threats, let me explain the importance of coral reefs. Coral reefs are incredibly diverse and productive ecosystems that provide numerous benefits. They are home to a quarter of all marine species, despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor. Coral reefs protect coastlines from erosion, serve as a source of income through tourism and fishing, and contribute to pharmaceutical advancements through the discovery of new drugs.
Climate change and rising ocean temperatures pose a significant threat to corals. As sea surface temperatures increase, corals can experience a phenomenon called coral bleaching. When stressed, corals expel the symbiotic algae living within their tissues, causing them to turn white and making them more vulnerable to disease and death.
Ocean acidification, a consequence of increased carbon dioxide absorption by oceans, makes it difficult for corals to build their calcium carbonate skeletons. Pollution, such as runoff from agricultural areas or industrial activities, can lead to the depletion of oxygen in the water and the introduction of toxins, which can harm corals.
Overfishing and destructive fishing practices can damage coral reefs by disrupting the balance of the ecosystem. Removing key species can result in algal overgrowth, smothering corals and preventing their growth and regrowth.
Tourism and coastal development can physically damage corals. Practices like careless anchoring, coral mining for souvenirs, and dredging can lead to the destruction of reefs and their fragile structures.
We should care about these threats because the loss of coral reefs would have devastating ecological, economic, and cultural impacts. Entire ecosystems would be disrupted, countless species would lose their habitats, and the livelihoods of millions of people who depend on reefs for food and income would be at risk. Moreover, coral reefs are known as the "rainforests of the sea" due to their high biodiversity, and their preservation is essential for the overall health and resilience of our oceans. By ensuring the survival of coral reefs, we are not only protecting a unique and beautiful natural wonder, but also safeguarding the health and well-being of our planet.