I just have a question....How to know if the volt is -ve or not? and How to know if a charge has deficit or excess electrons ?
To determine if a voltage is positive or negative, you need to understand the concept of polarity. Polarity refers to the direction of electric current flow in a circuit. Here's how you can determine the polarity and whether the voltage is positive or negative:
1. Identify the terminals: Determine the positive and negative terminals of the device or component you are measuring the voltage across. These terminals are usually labeled with symbols like (+) and (-), or may be color-coded.
2. Use a voltmeter: Connect the positive (red) lead of a voltmeter to the positive terminal of the device or component and the negative (black) lead to the negative terminal. Make sure the voltmeter is set to the appropriate voltage range.
3. Observe the reading: If the voltmeter reading is positive, it indicates that the voltage polarity is positive. If the reading is negative, it means the voltage polarity is negative.
Regarding your second question, determining whether a charge has a deficit or excess of electrons can be done by observing the overall charge of the object. Here are the steps:
1. Understand charge: Electrons have a negative charge, while protons have a positive charge. An atom is considered electrically neutral when the number of protons equals the number of electrons.
2. Determine the overall charge: If an object has a deficit of electrons (fewer electrons than protons), it will have an overall positive charge. If it has an excess of electrons (more electrons than protons), it will have an overall negative charge.
3. Observe interaction: You can also use a charged object (like a balloon rubbed on hair) to see how it interacts with other objects. If the object is attracted to the charged object, it likely has an opposite charge. If it repels the charged object, it likely has a similar charge.
It's worth noting that these are basic principles, and in some cases, charge distribution can be more complicated. Advanced understanding may require further study in the field of electromagnetism and atomic structure.