sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid react to give sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. How many grams of sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid would be required to produce 286g of carbon dioxide?
step by step answers please:)
gotta work with moles.
286g CO2 * 1mole/44g = 6.5 moles CO2
Now recall the reaction:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
Each mole of CO2 requires
1 mole Na2CO3
2 moles HCl
so, we need
6.5 moles Na2CO3 = 689g
13 moles HCl = 474g
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To determine the number of grams of sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid needed, we need to follow the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and use stoichiometry.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
From the equation, we can see that one mole of sodium carbonate reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid to produce 1 mole of carbon dioxide.
Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon (C) has a molar mass of 12.01 g/mol and oxygen (O) has a molar mass of 16.00 g/mol.
Molar mass of CO2 = (12.01 g/mol) + (2 × 16.00 g/mol) = 44.01 g/mol
Step 2: Determine the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced
Number of moles of CO2 = mass of CO2 / molar mass of CO2 = 286 g / 44.01 g/mol ≈ 6.496 mol
Step 3: Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to calculate the number of moles of sodium carbonate needed
From the balanced equation, we know that 1 mole of Na2CO3 produces 1 mole of CO2.
Therefore, the number of moles of Na2CO3 = number of moles of CO2 = 6.496 mol
Step 4: Convert moles of sodium carbonate to grams
Molar mass of Na2CO3 = (2 × 22.99 g/mol) + 12.01 g/mol + (3 × 16.00 g/mol) = 105.99 g/mol
Mass of Na2CO3 = number of moles of Na2CO3 × molar mass of Na2CO3 = 6.496 mol × 105.99 g/mol ≈ 689.17 g
Therefore, approximately 689.17 grams of sodium carbonate would be required to produce 286 grams of carbon dioxide.
Step 5: Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid needed
From the balanced equation, we know that 2 moles of HCl produces 1 mole of CO2.
Therefore, the number of moles of HCl = (number of moles of CO2) × 2 = 6.496 mol × 2 = 12.992 mol
Step 6: Convert moles of hydrochloric acid to grams
Molar mass of HCl = 1.01 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol = 36.46 g/mol
Mass of HCl = number of moles of HCl × molar mass of HCl = 12.992 mol × 36.46 g/mol ≈ 473.49 g
Therefore, approximately 473.49 grams of hydrochloric acid would be required to produce 286 grams of carbon dioxide.