(a) The figure above shows how the energy of a system varies as a chemical reaction proceeds. Match the numbers features labeled on the figure above to their corresponding statements below:
energy state of the reactants:
1/2/3/4/5
activation energy of the reaction:
1/2/3/4/5
energy state of the products:
1/2/3/4/5
energy change of the reaction:
1/2/3/4/5
(b) The figures below show the same reaction as drawn in part (a) in black, as well as the reaction under the influence of an inhibitor drawn in red. Identify which drawing appropriately reflects how the diagram would appear under the influence of an inhibitor.
I)a
II)b
III)c
IV)d
a) 1
4
2
3
b) C
Yeah!
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To answer (a), let's label the statements and analyze the figure:
1. The energy state of the reactants: This corresponds to the initial energy level before the reaction starts. Look for the lowest point on the left side of the figure. It should be labeled as "1".
2. Activation energy of the reaction: Activation energy is the minimum energy required for the reaction to occur. It is the energy difference between the energy state of the reactants and the highest point on the figure (the energy barrier). Identify the peak on the figure, and it should be labeled as "3".
3. The energy state of the products: This corresponds to the final energy level after the reaction is complete. Look for the lowest point on the right side of the figure. It should be labeled as "5".
4. Energy change of the reaction: Energy change is the difference in energy between the reactants and the products. It can be calculated as the energy difference between the energy states of the reactants and the products. Look for the vertical distance between the energy states of the reactants (labeled as "1") and the products (labeled as "5").
Now, for (b):
Inhibitors decrease the rate of a chemical reaction by interfering with the reaction steps. Under the influence of an inhibitor, the reaction should have a higher activation energy and a lower energy change compared to the original reaction.
Based on this information, we can determine that drawing I) reflects how the diagram would appear under the influence of an inhibitor, as it shows a higher activation energy (higher peak) and a lower energy change (smaller vertical distance between the energy states of the reactants and products).