During the 16th to 19th centuries, Europeans
a) retreated from political dominance of the world
b) exerted political dominance over much of the world
c)possessed an innate cultural superiority that aided their conquest of territories
d)both exerted political dominance over much of the world and possessed an innate cultural superiority that aided their conquest of territories
d)
Hmmm! Not sure of the second part of that answer, but the first part is correct!
I strongly disagree with d). Europeans did not possess any cultural superiority!
To determine the correct answer, we need to analyze the historical events that took place during the 16th to 19th centuries.
During this time period, European nations embarked on a process of exploration, colonization, and globalization known as the Age of Exploration. European powers like Spain, Portugal, England, France, and the Netherlands established colonies around the world, including parts of the Americas, Africa, and Asia. They imposed their political dominance over these territories and became major global powers.
However, it is important to note that Europeans did not always possess an innate cultural superiority that aided their conquest of territories. The European powers had various motivations for colonization, including economic interests, religious missionary efforts, and competition with other European nations. The idea of cultural superiority was often used as a rationalization for colonialism and imperialism, but it was not necessarily an inherent characteristic.
Therefore, the correct answer is (b) Europeans exerted political dominance over much of the world, while the assertion of an innate cultural superiority is not universally applicable and should not be taken as a generalization for the entire period.