Could someone explain what each part of this formula represents?

H(t) = 0.058t^2 + 0.41t + 516 + 2.5 sin(2π)(t)

I have no idea, but your problem should state what it is.

Here is a graph of the function by Wofram

http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=0.058t%5E2+%2B+0.41t+%2B+516+%2B+2.5+sin%282πt%29