List the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character. (Enter your answer in the format H-O for the hydrogen-to-oxygen bond in H2O. Use the appropriate <, =, or > symbol to separate substances in the list.)
the barium-to-fluorine bond in Ba-F
the magnesium-to-oxygen bond in MgO
the lithium-to-lithium bond in Li
the chlorine-to-fluorine bond in ClF3
the iron-to-oxygen bond in Fe-O
To determine the order of increasing ionic character for the given bonds, we need to consider the electronegativity difference between the two atoms involved in each bond. The greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic character the bond will have.
Let's calculate the electronegativity differences for each bond:
1. The barium-to-fluorine bond in Ba-F:
Electronegativity of Ba = 0.89
Electronegativity of F = 3.98
Electronegativity difference = |3.98 - 0.89| = 3.09
2. The magnesium-to-oxygen bond in MgO:
Electronegativity of Mg = 1.31
Electronegativity of O = 3.44
Electronegativity difference = |3.44 - 1.31| = 2.13
3. The lithium-to-lithium bond in Li:
Electronegativity of Li = 0.98
Electronegativity of Li = 0.98
Electronegativity difference = |0.98 - 0.98| = 0
4. The chlorine-to-fluorine bond in ClF3:
Electronegativity of Cl = 3.16
Electronegativity of F = 3.98
Electronegativity difference = |3.98 - 3.16| = 0.82
5. The iron-to-oxygen bond in Fe-O:
Electronegativity of Fe = 1.83
Electronegativity of O = 3.44
Electronegativity difference = |3.44 - 1.83| = 1.61
Now, let's arrange the bonds in increasing order based on their electronegativity differences:
The lithium-to-lithium bond in Li < the iron-to-oxygen bond in Fe-O < the magnesium-to-oxygen bond in MgO < the chlorine-to-fluorine bond in ClF3 < the barium-to-fluorine bond in Ba-F
Therefore, the correct order of increasing ionic character is:
Li < Fe-O < MgO < ClF3 < Ba-F