What does the Market Value of a company's stock represent?

What does the Book Value of a company stock represent? How is this accounting measurement used?
Why is the Market Value of a stock usually greater than the Book Value of a stock?

Target Corporation is currently seeking additional capital to expand its operations. Two companies have shown interest in providing additional capital.

Company #1 is interested in investing in the organization and, therefore, would like to have part ownership through the sale of new stock.
Company #2 is interested in providing a loan to the Target Corporation.
Both organizations need to know more about the financial stability of Target.
As an employee of Target, your supervisor needs you to write a memo in which you explain what information from the Target Corporation's financial statements will be highlighted when representatives of Target meet with each of these companies. In your memo, be sure to explain which information will be highlighted to Company #1 and which information will be highlighted to Company #2 and why. Explain any differences in the information that you have chosen to highlight.