Suppose you dissolve 10 grams of HCl gas in 250 ml of water initially at 25 C, what will the final temperature of the solution be?

To determine the final temperature of the solution, we need to use the concept of heat transfer.

First, we need to calculate the heat gained or lost during the process. The formula for heat transfer can be expressed as follows:

Q = m × C × ΔT

Where:
Q is the heat gained or lost
m is the mass of the substance (in grams)
C is the specific heat capacity of the substance (in J/g°C)
ΔT is the change in temperature (in °C)

In this case, we are dissolving HCl gas in water. The specific heat capacity of water is approximately 4.18 J/g°C. To determine the final temperature of the solution, we need to calculate the heat gained or lost during the dissolution process.

Here are the steps to calculate the heat transfer in the given scenario:

Step 1: Calculate the amount of heat transferred during the dissolution process.
To do this, we multiply the mass of the HCl gas by its specific heat capacity, given that the specific heat capacity of HCl gas is 1.16 J/g°C:
Q(HCl) = m(HCl) × C(HCl) × ΔT

Step 2: Calculate the heat transferred to the water.
The heat transferred to the water can be calculated using the same formula:
Q(water) = m(water) × C(water) × ΔT

Step 3: Equate the two heat transfers and solve for the change in temperature.
Since the heat gained by the water must be equal to the heat lost by the HCl gas:
Q(HCl) = Q(water)

Step 4: Substitute the given values and solve for the change in temperature.
The mass of HCl gas is given as 10 grams, and the mass of water is 250 ml, which can be converted to grams by assuming a density of 1 g/ml for water.
Plug in these values and solve for ΔT.

Once we find ΔT, we can add it to the initial temperature of water (25°C) to obtain the final temperature of the solution.