What volume of a 0.164 M potassium hydroxide solution is needed to exactly neutralize 0.680 grams of KHP ?
KHP + KOH ==> H2O + K2P
1:1 ratio from the equation.
mols KHP = grams/molar mass
mols KOH = mols KHP
M KOH = mols KOH/L KOH. Solve for L KOH.
To find the volume of a solution needed to neutralize a given mass of a substance, we can use the concept of molarity (M) and the equation:
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
Where:
M₁ = Molarity of the first solution
V₁ = Volume of the first solution
M₂ = Molarity of the second solution
V₂ = Volume of the second solution
In this case, we are given:
M₁ = 0.164 M (molarity of potassium hydroxide solution)
M₂ = unknown (we need to find the volume)
V₂ = 0.680 grams (mass of KHP)
First, we need to determine the molar mass of KHP (potassium hydrogen phthalate). The molar mass can be found by adding up the atomic masses of each element in the compound (K = 39.10 g/mol, H = 1.01 g/mol, C₈H₄O₄ = 148.16 g/mol). Therefore:
Molar mass of KHP = 39.10 + (1.01 * 8) + (12.01 * 8) + (16.00 * 4) = 204.23 g/mol
Next, we calculate the number of moles of KHP using the given mass and molar mass:
Number of moles of KHP = mass / molar mass = 0.680 g / 204.23 g/mol
Now, we can calculate the volume of the potassium hydroxide solution needed:
0.164 M (V₁) = (0.680 g / 204.23 g/mol) / V₂
Rearranging the equation to solve for V₂:
V₂ = (0.680 g / 204.23 g/mol) / 0.164 M
Calculate the value to find the volume of the potassium hydroxide solution needed to neutralize the given mass of KHP.