1. Which of the following were major items of trade in the West African states of Ghana and Gao?
A. Bananas and copper
B. Cacao beans and slaves
[C. Gold and salt]
D. Coffee and sugar
Right.
To determine the major items of trade in the West African states of Ghana and Gao, we can review the historical context and the geographical location of these states.
The West African states of Ghana and Gao prospered during the medieval period from around the 9th to the 13th century. Ghana was situated in what is now modern-day Mauritania and Mali, while Gao was located in the region that encompasses present-day Mali and Niger.
During this time, gold and salt were the major items of trade in these West African states. Gold was abundant in the western region of Africa, particularly in the areas surrounding the rivers Senegal and Niger. The trans-Saharan trade route allowed gold to be transported from these regions to the markets of North Africa and the Mediterranean.
Salt, on the other hand, was scarce in the West African states but highly valued. It was primarily sourced from the Sahara Desert and the Sahel region. Salt was essential for food preservation in a time when there were no refrigeration methods, and it was also used as a seasoning.
These West African states established vast trade networks with the Mediterranean and North African regions, facilitated by camel caravans crossing the Sahara Desert. The trade of gold and salt played a significant role in the economic prosperity of Ghana and Gao, making option C, "Gold and salt," the correct answer.