Which of the following solutions has the highest concentration of Cl- ions?
500 mL of 0.10 M NaCl
100 mL of 0.20 M MgCl2
200 mL of 0.10 M FeCl3
400 mL of 0.30 M NH4Cl
200 mL of 0.20 M KCl
compute:
moles/volume for all are.
.1/.5; .4/.1; .3/.4;.2/.4;; .2/.2
concentrations are
.2; 4;.75; .3; .5; 1
check those
To determine which solution has the highest concentration of Cl- ions, we need to calculate the number of moles of Cl- ions present in each solution.
For 500 mL of 0.10 M NaCl:
Number of moles of NaCl = concentration (M) x volume (L)
= 0.10 mol/L x 0.500 L
= 0.050 mol NaCl
Since NaCl dissociates into 1 Na+ ion and 1 Cl- ion, the number of moles of Cl- ions is also 0.050 mol.
For 100 mL of 0.20 M MgCl2:
Number of moles of MgCl2 = concentration (M) x volume (L)
= 0.20 mol/L x 0.100 L
= 0.020 mol MgCl2
Since MgCl2 dissociates into 1 Mg2+ ion and 2 Cl- ions, the number of moles of Cl- ions is equal to 2 times the moles of MgCl2:
Number of moles of Cl- ions = 2 x 0.020 mol
= 0.040 mol.
For 200 mL of 0.10 M FeCl3:
Number of moles of FeCl3 = concentration (M) x volume (L)
= 0.10 mol/L x 0.200 L
= 0.020 mol FeCl3.
Since FeCl3 dissociates into 1 Fe3+ ion and 3 Cl- ions, the number of moles of Cl- ions is equal to 3 times the moles of FeCl3:
Number of moles of Cl- ions = 3 x 0.020 mol
= 0.060 mol.
For 400 mL of 0.30 M NH4Cl:
Number of moles of NH4Cl = concentration (M) x volume (L)
= 0.30 mol/L x 0.400 L
= 0.120 mol NH4Cl
Since NH4Cl dissociates into 1 NH4+ ion and 1 Cl- ion, the number of moles of Cl- ions is also 0.120 mol.
For 200 mL of 0.20 M KCl:
Number of moles of KCl = concentration (M) x volume (L)
= 0.20 mol/L x 0.200 L
= 0.040 mol KCl
Since KCl dissociates into 1 K+ ion and 1 Cl- ion, the number of moles of Cl- ions is also 0.040 mol.
Comparing the moles of Cl- ions in each solution:
- NaCl: 0.050 mol
- MgCl2: 0.040 mol
- FeCl3: 0.060 mol
- NH4Cl: 0.120 mol
- KCl: 0.040 mol
From the calculations, we can see that the solution with the highest concentration of Cl- ions is the 400 mL of 0.30 M NH4Cl, which contains 0.120 mol of Cl- ions.
To determine which solution has the highest concentration of Cl- ions, we need to calculate the number of moles of Cl- ions in each solution.
First, let's calculate the moles of Cl- ions in each solution:
1. 500 mL of 0.10 M NaCl:
- Concentration = 0.10 M = 0.10 moles/Liter
- Moles = Concentration × Volume = 0.10 moles/Liter × 0.5 Liters = 0.05 moles
2. 100 mL of 0.20 M MgCl2:
- Concentration = 0.20 M = 0.20 moles/Liter
- Moles = Concentration × Volume = 0.20 moles/Liter × 0.1 Liters = 0.02 moles
3. 200 mL of 0.10 M FeCl3:
- Concentration = 0.10 M = 0.10 moles/Liter
- Moles = Concentration × Volume = 0.10 moles/Liter × 0.2 Liters = 0.02 moles
4. 400 mL of 0.30 M NH4Cl:
- Concentration = 0.30 M = 0.30 moles/Liter
- Moles = Concentration × Volume = 0.30 moles/Liter × 0.4 Liters = 0.12 moles
5. 200 mL of 0.20 M KCl:
- Concentration = 0.20 M = 0.20 moles/Liter
- Moles = Concentration × Volume = 0.20 moles/Liter × 0.2 Liters = 0.04 moles
Now that we have calculated the number of moles of Cl- ions in each solution, we can compare the values.
The solution with the highest concentration of Cl- ions is 400 mL of 0.30 M NH4Cl, which contains 0.12 moles of Cl- ions.
Therefore, the solution with the highest concentration of Cl- ions is 400 mL of 0.30 M NH4Cl.