One liter of arterial blood at sea level contains approximately 3 mL of dissolved oxygen and 197 mL of oxygen bound to hemoglobin. If a normal individual has a cardiac output at rest of 5 liters per minute, how much oxygen is carried to the tissues per minute?
If the same individual begins to exercise and their cardiac output increases to 20 liters per minute, and the same amount of oxygen is carried per liter of blood, how much oxygen is carried to the tissues?
200ml oxygen/liter * 5 Liters/min=1 1iter0xygen/min
For part 2, multiply 200 ml/liter by 20 liter/min instead of 5 liter/min.
oh, okay that makes sense its like a conversion factor. Thank you!
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To calculate the amount of oxygen carried to the tissues per minute, we need to calculate the total amount of oxygen carried by each liter of blood and then multiply it by the cardiac output.
1) For a normal individual at rest, the amount of oxygen carried by each liter of blood can be calculated as follows:
Dissolved oxygen: 3 mL
Oxygen bound to hemoglobin: 197 mL
Total oxygen carried per liter of blood = Dissolved oxygen + Oxygen bound to hemoglobin
= 3 mL + 197 mL
= 200 mL
2) To calculate the amount of oxygen carried to the tissues per minute at rest, we multiply the amount of oxygen carried per liter of blood by the cardiac output at rest:
Oxygen carried to the tissues per minute (rest) = Oxygen carried per liter of blood × Cardiac output at rest
= 200 mL/L × 5 L/min
= 1000 mL/min
= 1000 mL/min ÷ 1000 (to convert to liters)
= 1 L/min
So, at rest, 1 liter of arterial blood carries 1 liter of oxygen to the tissues per minute.
Now, let's calculate the amount of oxygen carried to the tissues when the individual begins to exercise and their cardiac output increases to 20 liters per minute:
Oxygen carried to the tissues per minute (exercise) = Oxygen carried per liter of blood × Cardiac output during exercise
= 200 mL/L × 20 L/min
= 4000 mL/min
= 4000 mL/min ÷ 1000 (to convert to liters)
= 4 L/min
Therefore, when the individual exercises and their cardiac output increases to 20 liters per minute, 1 liter of arterial blood carries 4 liters of oxygen to the tissues per minute.