State the Period, Amplitude, Phase Shift, Vertical Shift, and equation (using cosine

Your question is incomplete.

For a wave equation in the form

Y(t) = A cos[2*pi*t/P -(phi)] + B

P is the period
A is the amplitude
phi is the phase shift, and
B is the vertical shift

f(x) = A sin(B(x - C)) + D or f(x) = A cos(B(x - C)) + D that's the equation

A Amplitude: Maximum y-coordinate – minimum y-coordinate divided by 2

( Max y – Min y)/2
B Adjustment for period change: B =
2
Period
π
C Phase shift: Right or left x - transformation
D Vertical shift: Maximum y-coordinate + minimum coordinate divided by 2
( Max y + Min y)/2
Use Cosine
Use Sine
You can readily determine the maximum and/or minimum points.
You can readily determine the horizontal axes points

I don't understand this at all

It might be a good idea to look at different graphs of

f(x) = sin x
This webpage lets you see more than one graph on the same grid
http://rechneronline.de/function-graphs/

set "Range x-axis from" to -3.14 to 6.28 ( -π to 2π)
set "Range y-axis from" to -5 to +5
in the first graph window enter
sin(x)
press the ENTER key and take a look at it, and see how many cycles you have from 0 to 6.28

in the "second graph" window, enter
2*sin(x)
---- What do you notice?

Now try the following entries in "second graph"

-2*sin(x)
sin(3x)
2*sin(3x)
2*sin(3x) + 1
2*sin(3x) -2
3*sin(2x)
sin(x-2)
sin(x+2)
4sin(2*(x-1.5) - 2

The last will have
amplitude = 4
period = 2π/2=π (there should be 2 complete cycles from -π to +π )
vertical shift = -2 , it went down 2 units
horizontal shift = 1.5 units to the right

make up your own variations with the second graph
repeat the same exercise using the cosine function
cos(x)

To determine the period, amplitude, phase shift, vertical shift, and equation of a cosine function, we need specific information. Please provide the function for which you need to find these characteristics.