detail how to dilute a stock solution of nitric acid, 81 m HNO3, to prepare 675 ml of a 2.5 M solution
I assume the 81 is 81M, not 81m.
you want to dilute it 81/2.5=32.4 times, which means one part acid, 31.4 parts water.
so what is a part: 675/32.4=20.83ml
so measure out 31.4*20.83333 parts water, or = 654.17 ml water, then slowly pour in 20.83ml of the conc acid,under a fume hood, stiring, and pouring slowly.
Put into a stock bottle, label it with the contents, storage requirements, and safety instructions, and chemical category (Corrosive).
Wash out your measuring cylinder, and put away your gloves,and safety glasses, stow all equipment and chemicals.
To dilute a stock solution of nitric acid (HNO3) to prepare a specific volume and concentration, we need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Determine the desired final volume and concentration
In this case, the desired final volume is 675 ml and the desired final concentration is 2.5 M.
Step 2: Calculate the amount of stock solution needed
To calculate the amount of stock solution needed, we can use the equation:
(M1)(V1) = (M2)(V2)
Where:
M1 = initial concentration of the stock solution (81 M)
V1 = volume of the stock solution used
M2 = final concentration of the diluted solution (2.5 M)
V2 = final volume of the diluted solution (675 ml)
Substituting the given values, we can solve for V1:
(81 M)(V1) = (2.5 M)(675 ml)
V1 = (2.5 M)(675 ml) / (81 M)
V1 ≈ 20.83 ml
So, we need to measure approximately 20.83 ml of the stock solution.
Step 3: Add distilled water to obtain the desired final volume
To prepare the 2.5 M solution, we need to dilute the measured 20.83 ml of the stock solution with distilled water.
We have the final volume as 675 ml. Therefore, we subtract the volume of the stock solution from the final volume to find out the volume of distilled water needed:
Volume of distilled water = Final volume - Volume of stock solution
Volume of distilled water = 675 ml - 20.83 ml
Volume of distilled water ≈ 654.17 ml
So, you need to add approximately 654.17 ml of distilled water to the measured 20.83 ml of stock solution.
By following these steps, you should be able to dilute the stock solution of nitric acid to obtain a 2.5 M solution with a final volume of 675 ml.