Contract the expressions.
In (3) - 2 In (4)+ In (8)=
In (3) - 2 In (4+8) =
In (3) - 2 (In (4) + In (8) ) =
You will have to know the 3 main rules of logs
1. Log (AB) = logA + logB
2. log(A/B) = logA - logB
3. log (A^n) = nlogA
e.g, for
ln3 - 2ln(4+8)
= ln3 + 2ln12
= ln3 + ln(12^2)
= ln3 + ln144
= ln (3/144)
= ln (1/48)
= ln 1 - ln48
= 0 - ln48
= - ln48
do the others the same way
use your calculator to check your answers