1. A Geiger counter measures radiation indirectly by measuring
flashes of light
electrons released by ionization
speaker static
curies
answer: electrons released by ionization
2. Reactor control rods are made of a substance that
absorbs neutrons
reflect neutrons
emits neutrons
slow down neutrons so they produce more fission.
answer: absorbs neutrons
3. The isotope U-238 is most likely to emit
a gamma ray
a beta particle
an alpha particle
It is not possible to predict
answer: an alpha particle
4. Besides U-235, another isotope that can undergo nuclear fission is
Pu-239
Th-230
U-238
Pb-210
answer: Pu-239
5. This type of radiation can easily pass through a human.
gamma
ultra-violet
beta
alpha
answer: gamma
6. The ejection of a beta particle from a nucleus results in
an increase of the mass number by four
a decrease of the atomic number by one
an increase of the atomic number by one
a decrease of the mass number by four
answer: an increase of the atomic number by one
All of these look good to me.
FLASH LIGHT
A Geiger counter measures radiation indirectly by measuring
To find the answers to these questions, you can refer to your textbook or search online resources related to nuclear physics and radiation.
1. A Geiger counter measures radiation indirectly by measuring electrons released by ionization. This is because when radioactive particles pass through the gas-filled chamber of a Geiger counter, they ionize the gas atoms, causing the release of electrons.
2. Reactor control rods are made of a substance that absorbs neutrons. This is because control rods are used to manage the rate of fission reactions in a nuclear reactor by absorbing excess neutrons, which helps control the reaction and prevent it from becoming uncontrollable.
3. The isotope U-238 is most likely to emit an alpha particle. This is because U-238 is a naturally occurring isotope of uranium and is known to undergo alpha decay, during which it emits an alpha particle (consisting of two protons and two neutrons).
4. Besides U-235, another isotope that can undergo nuclear fission is Pu-239. Plutonium-239 (Pu-239) is an artificially synthesized isotope of plutonium that can undergo nuclear fission, just like uranium-235. It is used as a nuclear fuel in some reactors and has been used in nuclear weapons.
5. This type of radiation can easily pass through a human: gamma radiation. Gamma rays, being highly energetic electromagnetic radiation, are able to pass through most materials, including the human body. This property makes them particularly hazardous as they can penetrate tissues and cause damage at the cellular level.
6. The ejection of a beta particle from a nucleus results in an increase of the atomic number by one. Beta decay is a nuclear process in which a neutron in a nucleus is converted into a proton, and as a result, a beta particle (either an electron or a positron) is emitted. This causes an increase in the atomic number of the nucleus by one since a proton is now present where there was previously a neutron.