Please could you help me predict the products of the following reactions: ( I cant figure them out) THANX in advance!
1) CaO powder is added to distilled water.
2) Acetic acid solution is added to solid sodium hydrogen
carbonate.
3) Potassium permanganate solution is added to acidified
oxalic acid solution.
4) A piece of metallic aluminium is dropped into a solution of copper (II) chloride.
Here are some rules that helped me as I went through school. None of the equations are balanced. These look better if you place them on a sheet of paper with arrows but I can't do that on this forum. Something like this:
.................Elements.............
...............|.........|
..........metals.......non-metals
..........+.............+...........
..........O2............O2
..........|.............|(arrows here)
..........v.............v
........metal oxide...non-metal oxide
..........+.............+
.........H2O...........H2O
..........|.............|
..........v.............v
..........base..........acid
Then draw arrows from one to the other to show these reactions.
acid + base ==> salt + water
example: HCl + NaOH ==> NaCl + H2O
metal oxide + acid ==> salt + water
example: CaO + HCl ==> CaCl2 + H2O
non-metal oxide + base ==> salt + water
example: CO2 + NaOH ==> Na2CO3 + H2O
metal oxide + non-metal oxide ==> salt
example: CaO + CO2 ==> CaCO3
Here are example of each of the ones in the above table.
metal + oxygen = metallic oxide
example: Al + O2 ==> Al2O3
non-metal + oxygen = non-metal oxide
example: C + O2 ==> CO2
metal oxide + H2O = base
example: Na2O + H2O ==> NaOH
non-metal oxide + H2O = acid
example: SO3 + H2O ==> H2SO4
For #2, carbonates and bicarbonates go to CO2 and H2O in acid soln.
MnO4^- in acidified soln goes to Mn^2+. C2O4^= goes to CO2 in acid soln.
For #4, a metal will displace any ion BELOW it in the activity series. Therefore, Al will go into soln and Cu^2+ will come out. Here is a site that gives the activity series.
http://www.files.chem.vt.edu/RVGS/ACT/notes/activity_series.html
Thank you very much
Of course! I'd be happy to help you predict the products of these reactions. To do this, we need to understand the general chemical properties and reactions of the substances involved.
1) CaO powder added to distilled water:
CaO (calcium oxide) is a basic oxide, and when it reacts with water, it forms a solution of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). The reaction can be represented as:
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
2) Acetic acid solution added to solid sodium hydrogen carbonate:
Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid, and sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) is a base. When the two react, a chemical reaction called neutralization occurs, resulting in the formation of water, carbon dioxide gas (CO2), and sodium acetate (CH3COONa). The reaction can be represented as:
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
3) Potassium permanganate solution added to acidified oxalic acid solution:
Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a strong oxidizing agent, and oxalic acid (H2C2O4) is a reducing agent. When the two react in an acidic solution, the potassium permanganate oxidizes oxalic acid to carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and manganese(II) ions (Mn^2+). The reaction can be represented as:
5H2C2O4 + 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 → 10CO2 + 8H2O + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4
4) A piece of metallic aluminum dropped into a solution of copper (II) chloride:
Aluminum (Al) is more reactive than copper (Cu) on the activity series, so it can displace copper from its compound. When aluminum reacts with copper(II) chloride (CuCl2), it forms aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and copper metal. The reaction can be represented as:
2Al + 3CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3Cu
Remember, these are general predictions based on chemical properties, but actual experimental results may vary.