A baseball is hit with a horizontal speed of 22 m/s and a vertical speed of 14 m/s upward. What are these speeds 1 s later?
Hint: horizontal remains the same.
vertical: vf=vi-gt
22 m/s horizontal ,4m/s vertical
To find the speeds of the baseball 1 second later, we need to consider two things: the horizontal speed remains constant, and the vertical speed changes due to gravity.
First, we know that the horizontal speed remains constant. Therefore, the horizontal speed 1 second later will still be 22 m/s.
Next, we need to consider the effect of gravity on the vertical speed. In the absence of any other forces, the only force acting on the baseball vertically is gravity, which causes objects to accelerate downward at a rate of 9.8 m/s².
Since the initial vertical speed is 14 m/s upward, after 1 second, the baseball will have traveled upwards for 1 second and then started falling downward due to gravity for another second.
During the first second, the ball will continue to rise because the initial upward speed is greater than the downward acceleration due to gravity. Therefore, after 1 second, the ball will have traveled an additional 14 m/s upward.
During the second second, the ball will begin falling downward due to gravity, which means the vertical speed will decrease. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s² downward, so after 1 second, the ball's vertical speed will have decreased by 9.8 m/s. Therefore, the vertical speed 1 second later will be 14 m/s - 9.8 m/s = 4.2 m/s upward.
In summary:
- The horizontal speed 1 second later will remain 22 m/s.
- The vertical speed 1 second later will become 4.2 m/s upward.