Initially, how do skeletal muscles (the type of muscle attached to bones) make ATP?
write the reaction for this procss (Crp +ADP => Cr + ATP) as a 'coupled' reaction, identifying the exergonic and endergonic reactions.
Initially, how do skeletal muscles (the type of muscle attached to bones) make ATP?
write the reaction for this procss (Crp +ADP => Cr + ATP) as a 'coupled' reaction, identifying the exergonic and endergonic reactions.
what would this type of ATP production be called?
Skeletal muscles primarily obtain ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through a process called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of muscle cells and consists of three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation.
During glycolysis, a molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate in the cytoplasm of the muscle cell. This process results in the net production of two ATP molecules through substrate-level phosphorylation. However, since the question specifically mentions the reaction involving creatine phosphate (CrP), we will focus on the next step, which occurs during high-energy demand.
In the presence of high energy demand, such as during intense muscle contractions, creatine phosphate becomes involved. Creatine phosphate acts as a reservoir for ATP by storing a high-energy phosphate bond. ATP can be rapidly generated from creatine phosphate through a reversible reaction catalyzed by the enzyme creatine kinase. The reaction can be represented as follows:
Creatine phosphate (CrP) + ADP ⇌ Creatine (Cr) + ATP
Now, let's break down this reaction into its coupled exergonic and endergonic components.
1. Exergonic reaction: In this case, the exergonic reaction is the breakdown of creatine phosphate (CrP) into creatine (Cr). This reaction releases energy, as the high-energy phosphate bond in creatine phosphate is broken. The reaction is spontaneous and provides the energy required for the endergonic reaction to occur.
2. Endergonic reaction: The endergonic reaction is the phosphorylation of ADP (adenosine diphosphate) to ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This reaction requires energy to form the high-energy bond in ATP. It is not spontaneous and requires the input of energy, which is supplied by the exergonic reaction.
Together, these coupled reactions allow the skeletal muscles to rapidly generate ATP in response to high energy demand. The breakdown of creatine phosphate provides the energy needed to phosphorylate ADP, resulting in the production of ATP.