okay, were supposed to answer the following question, i have the basic idea ( i think) and i was just wondering if someone would read over it and what i put and then help out with what im missing
Describe humoral immune response in humans. Include the kind of cells involved and their actions.
Y shaped antibodeies attach themselves to cells. The cells multiply and so do the antibodies, the cells eventually become a factory doing nothing but makin more antibodies in case if an intruder enters the body. After the new cells are made some of the y shaped anitgens break off from the cell and are free floating. When a virus or such enters the cell these free floating y shaped anigens attack the antibodies and kill the disease.
sounds right to me
Your description of the humoral immune response in humans is generally correct, but let's delve deeper into the details and fill in some missing information.
The humoral immune response is a part of the overall immune response system in humans. It involves the production and action of antibodies, which are specialized proteins that help the body fight off infections caused by harmful pathogens like bacteria or viruses.
Here's a more detailed explanation of the humoral immune response:
1. Antibody Production: The process begins when an antigen, which is a foreign substance like a pathogen, enters the body. This triggers specific immune cells called B cells to recognize and bind to the antigens.
2. B cell Activation: When a B cell encounters an antigen, it undergoes activation. This activation occurs through interaction with helper T cells, which release chemical signals called cytokines. These signals stimulate B cells to start multiplying and differentiate into two types of cells: plasma cells and memory cells.
3. Plasma Cells: Plasma cells are the "factory" cells that produce a large quantity of antibodies. These antibodies have a Y-shaped structure, with two specific antigen-binding sites at the tips of the Y. Each B cell produces antibodies that are specific to a particular antigen.
4. Antibody Action: Once released, these antibodies circulate in the bloodstream or tissues in search of their specific antigens. When they encounter their target antigen, the antibodies attach themselves to it, forming an antibody-antigen complex. This attachment can neutralize the antigen's harmful effects or mark it for destruction by other immune cells.
5. Antibody Multiplication: The activated B cells continue to multiply and produce more plasma cells, which in turn create more antibodies to combat the invading pathogens.
6. Memory Cells: In addition to plasma cells, B cells also give rise to memory cells. These memory cells retain information about the specific antigen encountered, allowing for a faster and more efficient immune response if the same antigen re-enters the body in the future. Memory cells can quickly differentiate into plasma cells if needed, resulting in a more rapid and robust immune response.
Overall, the humoral immune response involves the coordinated action of various cells, including B cells, plasma cells, memory cells, and helper T cells. These cells work together to produce specific antibodies, which target and neutralize antigens, providing long-lasting immunity against future infections.
To improve your answer, you can consider incorporating the role of helper T cells in the activation of B cells and the importance of memory cells in generating an enhanced immune response upon repeated exposure to the same pathogen.