9.electrons are emitted from a conductor when the conductor is
heated?
subjected to a high enough energy level. This phenomenon is known as electron emission. There are a few different ways that electrons can be emitted from a conductor, including thermionic emission, field emission, and photoelectric emission.
Thermionic emission is a process where electrons are "boiled off" a heated conductor. When the conductor is heated to a high temperature, its electrons gain enough energy to overcome the attractive forces that hold them in place, and they are released into the surrounding space.
Field emission occurs when a strong electric field is applied to a conductor, causing electrons to be pulled away from its surface. The electric field becomes strong enough to overcome the attractive forces on the electrons, allowing them to leave the conductor.
Photoelectric emission happens when light or other electromagnetic radiation strikes a conductor, causing electrons to be ejected from its surface. This phenomenon was first observed by Albert Einstein and is based on the idea that light is composed of particles called photons, which transfer their energy to the electrons, enabling them to escape the conductor.
In summary, electrons can be emitted from a conductor through thermionic emission (heating the conductor), field emission (applying a strong electric field), or photoelectric emission (exposing the conductor to light or other electromagnetic radiation). The specific method depends on the conditions and properties of the conductor.