Rank the following ionic compounds by lattice energy.
Highest to Lowest
LiCl
MgO
Na2O
Beo
Na2S
BeO, MgO,Na2O, Na2S, LiCl
the correct answer is
BeO
MgO
Na2O
Sa2S
LiCl
To rank the ionic compounds by lattice energy, we need to consider the factors that influence lattice energy. Lattice energy is a measure of the strength of the electrostatic attraction between the ions in an ionic compound. The higher the lattice energy, the stronger the electrostatic attraction.
Here are the factors that influence lattice energy:
1. Ion charge: Lattice energy increases with increasing ion charge. Ions with higher charges have stronger electrostatic attractions.
2. Ion size: Lattice energy increases with decreasing ion size. Smaller ions can get closer to each other, leading to stronger attractions.
Now, let's determine the ranking of the ionic compounds based on these factors:
1. MgO:
Magnesium oxide (MgO) has the highest lattice energy. Magnesium (Mg) has a +2 charge, and oxygen (O) has a -2 charge. Both ions have charges of the same magnitude, and magnesium is smaller in size compared to sodium. Therefore, the electrostatic attraction between Mg and O in MgO is stronger than the other compounds.
2. LiCl:
Lithium chloride (LiCl) is the next highest in lattice energy. Lithium (Li) has a +1 charge, and chlorine (Cl) has a -1 charge. The charges are the same as in Na2S, but lithium is smaller than sodium. Hence, the electrostatic attraction between Li and Cl in LiCl is stronger.
3. Na2S:
Sodium sulfide (Na2S) is the next in line in terms of lattice energy. Sodium (Na) has a +1 charge, and sulfur (S) has a -2 charge. The charges are lower than in MgO and LiCl, and sodium is larger than both lithium and magnesium. Consequently, the electrostatic attraction in Na2S is weaker than in MgO and LiCl.
4. BeO:
Beryllium oxide (BeO) has the second-lowest lattice energy. Beryllium (Be) has a +2 charge, and oxygen (O) has a -2 charge. Both ions have charges of the same magnitude as in MgO, but beryllium is larger in size compared to magnesium. Therefore, the electrostatic attraction between Be and O is weaker than in the compounds mentioned earlier.
5. Na2O:
Sodium oxide (Na2O) has the lowest lattice energy. Sodium (Na) has a +1 charge, and oxygen (O) has a -2 charge. The charges are the same as in Na2S, but oxygen is smaller than sulfur. As a result, the electrostatic attraction in Na2O is the weakest among the compounds listed.
In summary, the ranking of the ionic compounds by lattice energy, from highest to lowest, is as follows:
1. MgO
2. LiCl
3. Na2S
4. BeO
5. Na2O