What is true about H+ and OH- when the endpoint is reached in an acid-base titration?
It depends on the indicator. At the equivalence point, hypothetically they are equal. Most indicators however do not change color at exactly 7 and thus pH of the endpoint determines the concentrations of H+ and OH-
When the endpoint is reached in an acid-base titration, the H+ (hydrogen ion) and OH- (hydroxide ion) concentrations are equal. This indicates that the solution has reached neutralization, where the acid and base have reacted completely to form water (H2O). At the endpoint, all of the H+ ions from the acid have been neutralized by the OH- ions from the base.
To determine the endpoint of an acid-base titration experimentally, an indicator or pH meter is commonly used. An indicator is a substance that undergoes a color change at a particular pH value. It is added to the reaction vessel and changes color when the solution becomes neutral. The point at which the color change occurs is the endpoint.
To measure the pH more precisely, a pH meter can be used. This device measures the concentration of H+ ions in a solution and provides a numerical value called pH. At the endpoint, the pH will be equal to 7, indicating neutrality.
Overall, when the endpoint is reached in an acid-base titration, the H+ and OH- concentrations are equal, leading to a neutral solution.
When the endpoint is reached in an acid-base titration, it means that the acid and base have reacted completely and neutralized each other. At this point:
1. The concentration of H+ ions (protons) and OH- ions (hydroxide ions) is equal.
2. The solution is neutral, having a pH of 7.
3. The solution will no longer exhibit any distinctive acidic or basic properties.
In summary, at the endpoint of an acid-base titration, the H+ and OH- ions are in balance, resulting in a neutral solution.