What volume of 0.500 M hydrochloric acid is required to exactly neutralize 40.00 mL 0.150 M NaOH?
How many moles NaOH do you have. That is M x L = ?
The equation is HCl + NaOH ==> NaCl + H2O
From the equation, it is obvious that moles HCl = moles NaOH.
Then M HCl = moles HCl/L HCl
Solve for volume HCl.
To find the volume of hydrochloric acid required to neutralize 40.00 mL of 0.150 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH), you can use the equation:
M1V1 = M2V2
Where:
M1 = initial molarity of hydrochloric acid
V1 = initial volume of hydrochloric acid
M2 = final molarity of sodium hydroxide (which is 0 M because it gets neutralized)
V2 = final volume of sodium hydroxide (which is 40.00 mL)
First, let's rearrange the equation to solve for V1:
V1 = (M2 * V2) / M1
Since the final molarity of sodium hydroxide is 0 M, we have:
V1 = (0 * 40.00 mL) / M1
V1 = 0
This means that no hydrochloric acid is required to neutralize 40.00 mL of 0.150 M sodium hydroxide.
To solve this problem, we can use the concept of stoichiometry to determine the volume of hydrochloric acid needed to neutralize the given volume of sodium hydroxide.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is:
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
From this equation, we can see that one mole of HCl reacts with one mole of NaOH to produce one mole of NaCl and one mole of water.
First, let's calculate the number of moles of NaOH in the given 40.00 mL solution. To do this, we can use the formula:
moles = concentration (M) x volume (L)
Given that the concentration of NaOH is 0.150 M and the volume is 40.00 mL (which is equivalent to 0.04000 L), we can substitute these values into the formula:
moles of NaOH = 0.150 M x 0.04000 L
Next, we need to determine the stoichiometric ratio between NaOH and HCl. From the balanced chemical equation, we see that the ratio is 1:1, meaning that one mole of NaOH reacts with one mole of HCl.
Since we have calculated the moles of NaOH, we know that an equal number of moles of HCl will be required to react with it.
Finally, we can calculate the volume of HCl needed to neutralize the given volume of NaOH. Again, using the formula:
volume (L) = moles / concentration (M)
The concentration of HCl is given as 0.500 M.
Substituting the calculated number of moles of NaOH into the formula, we have:
volume of HCl = moles of NaOH / concentration of HCl
Now, you can input the previously calculated values to get the final answer.